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  1. Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease. The neutrophilic subtypes of asthma are described as persistent, more severe and corticosteroid-resistant, with higher hospitalization and mortality rates, which seri...

    Authors: Jing Zhang, Zhenxing Zhu, Xu Zuo, He Pan, Yinuo Gu, Yuze Yuan, Guoqiang Wang, Shiji Wang, Ruipeng Zheng, Zhongmin Liu, Fang Wang and Jingtong Zheng
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:170
    Content type: Review Published on:

  2. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have a wide range of applications in several industrial and biomedical domains. Based on the evidence, the workers exposed to inhaled nanosized TiO2 powder are more susce...

    Authors: Shaza Abdulnasser Harfoush, Matthias Hannig, Duc Dung Le, Sebastian Heck, Maximilian Leitner, Albert Joachim Omlor, Isabella Tavernaro, Annette Kraegeloh, Ralf Kautenburger, Guido Kickelbick, Andreas Beilhack, Markus Bischoff, Juliane Nguyen, Martina Sester, Robert Bals and Quoc Thai Dinh
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:168
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) block cell cycle progression and are commonly used for treatment of several forms of cancer. Due to their anti-proliferative mode of action, we hypothesized ...

    Authors: Anna Birnhuber, Bakytbek Egemnazarov, Valentina Biasin, Ehsan Bonyadi Rad, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Horst Olschewski, Grazyna Kwapiszewska and Leigh M. Marsh
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:167
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  4. Identifying patients with COPD at increased risk of poor outcomes is challenging due to disease heterogeneity. Potential biomarkers need to be readily available in real-life clinical practice. Blood eosinophil...

    Authors: Mike Lonergan, Alison J. Dicker, Megan L. Crichton, Holly R. Keir, Melissa K. Van Dyke, Hana Mullerova, Bruce E. Miller, Ruth Tal-Singer and James D. Chalmers
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:166
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an incurable disease characterized by progressive lung fibrosis ultimately resulting in respiratory failure and death. Recurrent micro-injuries to the alveolar epithelium...

    Authors: Maximilian Boesch, Florent Baty, Martin H. Brutsche, Michael Tamm, Julien Roux, Lars Knudsen, Amiq Gazdhar, Thomas Geiser, Petra Khan and Katrin E. Hostettler
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:165
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) may develop acute exacerbations of IPF (AE-IPF) or COPD (AE-COPD). The incidence and the characteristics of exacerbations in patients with CPFE (e...

    Authors: Massa Zantah, Yaniv Dotan, Chandra Dass, Hauqing Zhao, Nathaniel Marchetti and Gerard J. Criner
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:164
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. This study investigated the influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on lung function in early convalescence phase.

    Authors: Yiying Huang, Cuiyan Tan, Jian Wu, Meizhu Chen, Zhenguo Wang, Liyun Luo, Xiaorong Zhou, Xinran Liu, Xiaoling Huang, Shican Yuan, Chaolin Chen, Fen Gao, Jin Huang, Hong Shan and Jing Liu
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:163
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Ischemic heart disease is common in COPD and associated with worse prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the presence and prognostic impact of biomarkers of myocardial injury and ischemia among individual...

    Authors: Ulf Nilsson, Nicholas L. Mills, David A. McAllister, Helena Backman, Caroline Stridsman, Linnea Hedman, Eva Rönmark, Takeshi Fujisawa, Anders Blomberg and Anne Lindberg
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:162
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major risk factor for the development of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) commonly coexists in lung cancer and COP...

    Authors: Ya-nan Liu, Yan Guan, Jian Shen, Yong-liang Jia, Jian-cang Zhou, Yun Sun, Jun-xia Jiang, Hui-juan Shen, Qiang Shu, Qiang-min Xie and Yicheng Xie
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:161
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Respiratory Research 2022 23:217

  10. Neutrophil is of the most abundant number in human immune system. During acute influenza virus infection, neutrophils are already active in the early phase of inflammation - a time in which clinical biopsy or ...

    Authors: Louisa L. Y. Chan, John M. Nicholls, J. S. Malik Peiris, Yu Lung Lau, Michael C. W. Chan and Renee W. Y. Chan
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:160
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Acute pulmonary embolism remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Benefit of recently developed multidisciplinary PE response teams (PERT) with higher utilization of advanced therapies...

    Authors: Lukasz A. Myc, Jigna N. Solanki, Andrew J. Barros, Nebil Nuradin, Matthew G. Nevulis, Kranthikiran Earasi, Emily D. Richardson, Shawn C. Tsutsui, Kyle B. Enfield, Nicholas R. Teman, Ziv J. Haskal, Sula Mazimba, Jamie L. W. Kennedy, Andrew D. Mihalek, Aditya M. Sharma and Alexandra Kadl
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:159
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) clinical trials aimed at evaluating treatment effects on exacerbations often suffer from early discontinuations of randomized treatment. Treatment discontinuations ...

    Authors: Agnieszka Król, Robert Palmér, Virginie Rondeau, Stephen Rennard, Ulf G. Eriksson and Alexandra Jauhiainen
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:158
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Several previously healthy young adults have developed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and a few of them progressed to the severe stage. However, the factors are not yet determined.

    Authors: Changzhi Zhou, Zhe Huang, Weijun Tan, Xueying Li, Wen Yin, Yang Xiao, Zhaowu Tao, Shuang Geng and Yi Hu
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:157
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Clinical questionnaires are mainly applied as screening tools for identification of the Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Little attention has been paid to assess the body functions and health status of ...

    Authors: Liang Xie, Qinhan Wu, Weiping Hu, Wenjing Li, Guiling Xiang, Shengyu Hao, Chengyao Guo, Hong Jiang, Xiaodan Wu, Xu Wu and Shanqun Li
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:156
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Asthma is a common and heterogeneous disease that includes subgroups characterized by type 2 (T2) or type 17 (T17) immune responses for which there is a need to identify the underlying mechanisms and biomarker...

    Authors: Elisabeth Ax, Zala Jevnikar, Aleksander Cvjetkovic, Carina Malmhäll, Henric Olsson, Madeleine Rådinger and Cecilia Lässer
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:155
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Electronic cigarette (e-cig) vaping is increasing rapidly in the United States, as e-cigs are considered less harmful than combustible cigarettes. However, limited research has been conducted to understand the...

    Authors: Qixin Wang, Isaac K. Sundar, Dongmei Li, Joseph H. Lucas, Thivanka Muthumalage, Samantha R. McDonough and Irfan Rahman
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:154
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Lung resection in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) has been reported to be associated with favorable outcomes. However, little is known regarding the risk and prognostic fa...

    Authors: Kiyoharu Fukushima, Mari Miki, Yuki Matsumoto, Emi Uda, Yuji Yamamoto, Yuya Kogita, Yuko Kagawa, Takanori Matsuki, Hiroyuki Kagawa, Yohei Oshitani, Daisuke Motooka, Kazuyuki Tsujino, Kenji Yoshimura, Keisuke Miki, Akio Hayashi, Shota Nakamura…
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:153
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. In the recent years, the overall trends in hospital admission and mortality of interstitial lung disease (ILD) are unknown. In addition, there was some evidence that interstitial lung disease death rate highes...

    Authors: An Thi Nhat Ho, Artem Shmelev and Edward Charbek
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:152
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Both short sleep duration and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) seem to be associated with insulin resistance. We aimed to explore whether short sleep duration modifies the relationship between OSA and insulin res...

    Authors: Huajun Xu, Chen Liang, Jianyin Zou, Hongliang Yi, Jian Guan, Meizhen Gu, Yanhong Feng and Shankai Yin
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:151
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. In study “Effect of high-flow nasal therapy during early pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with severe AECOPD: a randomized controlled study” by Tung et al., authors concluded HFNT utilization led to enhanced ...

    Authors: Guillaume Prieur, Yann Combret and Clement Medrinal
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:150
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  21. Oral CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) antagonists have been shown to inhibit neutrophil migration and activation in the lung in preclinical and human models of neutrophilic airway inflammation. A previous stud...

    Authors: Aili L. Lazaar, Bruce E. Miller, Alison C. Donald, Thomas Keeley, Claire Ambery, John Russell, Henrik Watz and Ruth Tal-Singer
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:149
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Patients with asthma uncontrolled on inhaled corticosteroids may benefit from umeclidinium (UMEC), a long-acting muscarinic antagonist.

    Authors: Edward Kerwin, Steven Pascoe, Zelie Bailes, Robert Nathan, David Bernstein, Ronald Dahl, Robyn von Maltzahn, Kevin Robbins, Andrew Fowler and Laurie Lee
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:148
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. The relationship between the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is uncertain and even poor. The major problem associated with the ESS might be a lack of consideration of weight i...

    Authors: Qi Guo, Wei-dong Song, Wei Li, Chao Zeng, Yan-hong Li, Jian-ming Mo, Zhong-dong Lü and Mei Jiang
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:147
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. The endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE) is a soluble isoform produced by alternative splicing of the RAGE gene. The isoform has anti-inflammatory properties due to its in...

    Authors: Kakuhiro Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Iwamoto, Witold Mazur, Shinichiro Miura, Shinjiro Sakamoto, Yasushi Horimasu, Takeshi Masuda, Shintaro Miyamoto, Taku Nakashima, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Kazunori Fujitaka, Hironobu Hamada and Noboru Hattori
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:145
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a highly lethal pulmonary disease that causes edema, hypoxemia and respiratory failure. Recent evidence indicates that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) plays a crucial role in ALI deve...

    Authors: Ruidong Chen, Fei Xie, Jie Zhao and Bin Yue
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:144
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Periostin is a matricellular protein and is a useful marker in respiratory diseases. However, the roles of periostin in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remain unclear. Several in vitro studies have...

    Authors: Hironobu Sunadome, Hisako Matsumoto, Ryo Tachikawa, Takeshi Matsumoto, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Toru Oga, Junya Ono, Shoichiro Ohta, Kenji Izuhara, Toyohiro Hirai and Kazuo Chin
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:143
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. The rate of diagnosis of advanced lung adenocarcinoma must be improved. In this study, we compared the detection rates of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitizing mutations (mEGFRs) in bronchial washing flui...

    Authors: Sang Hoon Lee, Eun Young Kim, Taehee Kim and Yoon Soo Chang
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:142
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Involvement of metals or silica in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis has been suggested by several case reports and specific epidemiological studies. However, the combination of occupational exposure and an immu...

    Authors: E. Beijer, B. Meek, X. Bossuyt, S. Peters, R. C. H. Vermeulen, H. Kromhout and M. Veltkamp
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:141
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in premature infants and hyperoxia exposure is a major cause. In hyperoxic lung injury animal model, alveolar simplification and pro-inflammato...

    Authors: Shangqin Chen, Qiuping Wu, Dingjuan Zhong, Changchong Li and Lizhong Du
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:140
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. This analysis of the IMPACT study assessed the cardiovascular (CV) safety of single-inhaler triple therapy with fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) versus FF/VI and UMEC/VI dual therapy.

    Authors: Nicola C. Day, Subramanya Kumar, Gerard Criner, Mark Dransfield, David M. G. Halpin, MeiLan K. Han, C. Elaine Jones, Morrys C. Kaisermann, Sally Kilbride, Peter Lange, David A. Lomas, Neil Martin, Fernando J. Martinez, Dave Singh, Robert Wise and David A. Lipson
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:139
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) should be seen as a tool that provides an overall view of the general clinical condition of a COPD patient. The aims of this study were to identify variables associated w...

    Authors: Cristóbal Esteban, Inmaculada Arostegui, Amaia Aramburu, Javier Moraza, Josu Najera-Zuloaga, Myriam Aburto, Susana Aizpiri, Leyre Chasco and José M. Quintana
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:138
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is based on bronchodilation, with inhaled corticosteroids or azithromycin associated when frequent exacerbations occur. Despite the proven benefits of ...

    Authors: Carolien Mathyssen, Celine Aelbrecht, Jef Serré, Stephanie Everaerts, Karen Maes, Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez, Bart Vanaudenaerde and Wim Janssens
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:137
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Obesity and pulmonary hypertension (PH) share common characteristics, such as augmented inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the exact role of obesity in the pathology of PH is largely uninvestigated. T...

    Authors: Balram Neupane, Akylbek Sydykov, Kabita Pradhan, Christina Vroom, Christiane Herden, Srikanth Karnati, Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani, Sergey Avdeev, Süleyman Ergün, Ralph Theo Schermuly and Djuro Kosanovic
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:136
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Given the heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), personalized clinical management is key to optimizing patient outcomes. Important treatment goals include minimizing disease activity an...

    Authors: Dave Singh, Gerard J. Criner, Ian Naya, Paul W. Jones, Lee Tombs, David A. Lipson and MeiLan K. Han
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:134
    Content type: Review Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Respiratory Research 2021 22:299

  36. Lumacaftor/ivacaftor (LUM/IVA) modestly improves lung function following 1 month of treatment but it is unknown if this translates into improvements in exercise endurance and exertional symptoms.

    Authors: Bradley S. Quon, Andrew H. Ramsook, Satvir S. Dhillon, Reid A. Mitchell, Kyle G. Boyle, Pearce G. Wilcox and Jordan A. Guenette
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:135
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  37. Dust exposure has been reported as a risk factor of pulmonary disease, leading to alterations of segmental airways and parenchymal lungs. This study aims to investigate alterations of quantitative computed tom...

    Authors: Taewoo Kim, Hyun Bin Cho, Woo Jin Kim, Chang Hyun Lee, Kum Ju Chae, So-Hyun Choi, Kyeong Eun Lee, So Hyeon Bak, Sung Ok Kwon, Gong Yong Jin, Jiwoong Choi, Eun-Kee Park, Ching-Long Lin, Eric A. Hoffman and Sanghun Choi
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:133
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Chronic tissue injury was shown to induce progressive scarring in fibrotic diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), while an array of repair/regeneration and stress responses come to equilibrium t...

    Authors: Xiaofei Cong, Nagaraja Nagre, Jeremy Herrera, Andrew C. Pearson, Ian Pepper, Robell Morehouse, Hong-Long Ji, Dianhua Jiang, Rolf D. Hubmayr and Xiaoli Zhao
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:132
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. The comparative efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LAMA/LABA) triple therapy administered via single or multiple inhalers in patients with chronic obs...

    Authors: Gary T. Ferguson, Nicola Brown, Chris Compton, Thomas C. Corbridge, Kelly Dorais, Charles Fogarty, Catherine Harvey, Morrys C. Kaisermann, David A. Lipson, Neil Martin, Frank Sciurba, Marjorie Stiegler, Chang-Qing Zhu and David Bernstein
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:131
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. It has been confirmed that NF-κB p65 signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis inhibition in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Whether SN50, a NF-κ...

    Authors: Yanqi Wu, Yahui Wang, Bo Liu, Yumei Cheng, Hong Qian, Huilin Yang, Xiang Li, Guixia Yang, Xinghao Zheng and Feng Shen
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:130
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The Phase III PINNACLE studies assessed the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler (GFF MDI), a dual long-acting bronchodilator for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease...

    Authors: Fernando J. Martinez, Brian J. Lipworth, Klaus F. Rabe, David J. Collier, Gary T. Ferguson, Sanjay Sethi, Gregory J. Feldman, Gerald O’Brien, Martin Jenkins and Colin Reisner
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:128
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. The objective of this study was to analyze prognostic factors and risk stratification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and comorbidities.

    Authors: Panagiota Xanthouli, Maria Koegler, Alberto M. Marra, Nicola Benjamin, Lukas Fischer, Christina A. Eichstaedt, Satenik Harutyunova, Christian Nagel, Ekkehard Grünig and Benjamin Egenlauf
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:127
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) refers to a group of poorly studied and characterised patients reporting with disease presentations of both asthma and COPD, thereby making both diagnosis and treatment challenging fo...

    Authors: Nilanjana Ghosh, Priyanka Choudhury, Sandeep Rai Kaushik, Rakesh Arya, Ranjan Nanda, Parthasarathi Bhattacharyya, Sushmita Roychowdhury, Rintu Banerjee and Koel Chaudhury
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:126
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. A cluster of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia were discharged from hospitals in Wuhan, China. We aimed to determine the cumulative percentage of complete radiological resolution at e...

    Authors: Dehan Liu, Wanshu Zhang, Feng Pan, Lin Li, Lian Yang, Dandan Zheng, Jiazheng Wang and Bo Liang
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:125
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. One of the main diagnostic tools for lung diseases in humans is computed tomography (CT). A miniaturized version, micro-CT (μCT) is utilized to examine small rodents including mice. However, fully automated th...

    Authors: Gerald Birk, Marc Kästle, Cornelia Tilp, Birgit Stierstorfer and Stephan Klee
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:124
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Particulate Matter (PM) is known to cause inflammatory responses in human. Although prior studies verified the immunogenicity of PM in cell lines and animal models, the effectors of PM exposure in the respirat...

    Authors: Jinzhun Wu, Dandan Ge, Taoling Zhong, Zuojia Chen, Ying Zhou, Lingyun Hou, Xiaoliang Lin, Jiaxu Hong, Kuai Liu, Hui Qi, Chaoying Wang, Yulin Zhou, Cheng Li, Chuan Wu, Shuiping Wu, Zuguo Liu…
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:123
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Alex J. van ’t Hul, Noortje H. Koolen, Jeroen W. van Hees, Bram van den Borst and Martijn A. Spruit
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:122
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in Respiratory Research 2020 21:112

  48. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Margaret Gilfillan, Pragnya Das, Dilip Shah, Mohammad Afaque Alam and Vineet Bhandari
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:121
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in Respiratory Research 2020 21:92

  49. The predominant metastatic site of lung cancer (LC) is the brain. Although outdated, conventional cisplatin treatment is still the main therapeutic approach for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cance...

    Authors: Edit Kiss, El Husseiny Mohamed Mahmud Abdelwahab, Anita Steib, Emoke Papp, Zsofia Torok, Laszlo Jakab, Gabor Smuk, Veronika Sarosi and Judit Erzsebet Pongracz
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:120
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Progression of the disease in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is difficult to predict, due to its variable and heterogenous course. The relationship between radiographic progression and functional decline ...

    Authors: Nada Taha, Dejanira D’Amato, Karishma Hosein, Tiziana Ranalli, Gianluigi Sergiacomi, Maurizio Zompatori and Marco Mura
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2020 21:119
    Content type: Research Published on:
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