Respiratory symptoms and outcomes among cigar smokers: findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study waves 2–5 (2014–2019)

Table 6 Associations between filtered cigar and cigarette use status and lifetime asthma diagnosis and uncontrolled asthma (Wave 2 – Wave 5 population averaged), PATH Study 2014–2019

Lifetime asthma diagnosis Obs = 42,195^a					Uncontrolled asthma^b (ACT ≤ 19) Obs = 5,656^a
Tobacco use status	Obs	Weighted % (95% CI)	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	Tobacco use status	Obs	Weighted % (95% CI)	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Never smokers of cigarettes or filtered cigars Obs = 20,319	3,145	11.5 (10.5, 12.6)	Ref	Ref	Never smokers of cigarettes or filtered cigars Obs = 2,924	306	12.5 (10.0, 15.5)	Ref	Ref
Current established filtered cigar smokers Obs = 315	70	22.0 (15.2, 30.7)	1.01 (0.78, 1.30)	1.35 (1.10, 1.66)	Current established filtered cigar smokers Obs = 62	16	24.6 (14.8, 38.0)	2.24 (0.90, 5.57)	3.80 (0.86, 16.77)
Current established cigarette smokers Obs = 20,904	2,843	11.9 (11.0, 12.8)	1.02 (0.90, 1.17)	1.19 (1.04, 1.36)	Current established cigarette smokers Obs = 2,573	594	23.4 (20.3, 26.7)	2.07 (1.45, 2.94)	1.89 (1.19, 3.01)
Current established dual smokers of filtered cigars and cigarettes Obs = 657	105	14.1 (10.6, 18.7)	1.09 (0.94, 1.26)	1.27 (1.06, 1.52)	Current established dual smokers of filtered cigars and cigarettes Obs = 97	35	37.7 (25.4, 51.8)	3.85 (2.07, 7.18)	5.13 (1.75, 15.02)

OR odds ratio, Obs observations
Bolded estimates are statistically significant (p < 0.05)
Ns are unweighted; percentages and ORs are weighted using the Wave 5 all-waves weights for the Wave 1 Cohort
Excludes those with COPD and other non-asthma respiratory diseases
Adjusted for age (18–39 vs. 40 +), sex, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, cigarette pack years, duration of cigar use, secondhand smoke exposure, past month marijuana use, and current established use of at least one of: ENDS, pipe, hookah, smokeless tobacco, snus. Also adjusted for current established use of traditional cigars and cigarillos. Uncontrolled asthma model also adjusted for use of asthma medications
^aOverall Obs represents unadjusted model and does not take into account missingness on covariates. 9,460 observations were missing on covariates for the ever asthma adjusted model and 1,686 for the uncontrolled asthma adjusted model
^bAmong adults with an asthma diagnosis

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