Fig. 5

Effects of systemic clodronate liposome delivery with LPS-induced lung inflammation, collagen, and infiltrating CCR2⁺ cells. Mice were pre-treated with vehicle (Veh) or clodronate (Clod) liposomes 24 h prior to a one-time treatment with LPS (10 μg) or saline (Sal) control and euthanized at 48 h. A Representative images from treatment groups stained by H&E, trichome, and CCR2 (red) with DAPI nuclei staining (blue) by confocal microscopy. Scatter plots with bars depict mean with SD of semi-quantitative lung inflammatory score (B) and integrated density of collagen (C), and CCR2 (D) quantified per each mouse. Statistical analyses were performed with Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s multiple comparison (inflammatory scores) and ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison (collagen content and CCR2) (#p < 0.05 vs. respective saline) and (*p < 0.05 denoted by line with brackets denoting difference between groups). N = 8 (Veh + Sal), 8 (Clod + Sal), 8 (Veh + LPS), 9 (Clod + LPS). Line scale denotes 100 μm