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Table 2 Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident lung cancer associated with change of smoking status

From: Impact of smoking reduction on lung cancer risk in patients with COPD who smoked fewer thanĀ 30 pack-years: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Ā 

No of cases

100-person year

Adjusted HR

(95% CI)

Adjusted subHR*

(95% CI)

Sustainer

225

0.75

Reference

Reference

Reducer

68

0.61

0.74 (0.56, 0.98)

0.74 (0.57, 0.97)

ā€ƒ20ā€“50% reducer

39

0.67

0.84 (0.60, 1.18)

0.83 (0.59, 1.17)

ā€ƒOver 50% reducer

29

0.55

0.64 (0.64, 0.95)

0.64 (0.43, 0.95)

Quitter

176

0.73

0.78 (0.64, 0.96)

0.78 (0.64, 0.95)

  1. Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, residential area, income, regular physical activity, pack-years (Exam 1), ICS within 1 year of Exam 2, severe exacerbation within 1 year of Exam 2, and comorbidities within 1 year of Exam 2.
  2. * Sub-distribution hazard ratios (subHRs) for lung cancer were modelled with mortality as a competing risk.
  3. BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids