Table 3 Squamous basal cell phenotype associations with the pediatric population
From: Airway disease decreases the therapeutic potential of epithelial stem cells
|  | Normal Phenotype (N = 42) | Squamous metaplasia (N = 6) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years, [SD]) | 3.5 [3.7] | 3.8 [1.2] | 0.86 |
Sex |  |  | > 0.99 |
 Male | 22 (52%) | 4 (67%) |  |
 Female | 14 (48%) | 2 (13%) |  |
Race | Â | Â | 0.79 |
 White/Caucasian | 32 (76%) | 5 (83%) |  |
 Black/African American | 7 (17%) | 1 (17%) |  |
 Multi-racial/Other | 3 (7%) | 0 (0%) |  |
 BMI percentile (mean [SE]) | 53 [5.3] | 39 [16.6] | 0.36 |
Prematurity | Â | Â | 0.006** |
 At term | 17 (40%) | 1 (17%) |  |
 32–37 weeks (moderate/late preterm) | 17 (40%) | 1 (17%) |  |
 29–32 weeks (very preterm) | 4 (10%) | 0 (0%) |  |
 < 28 weeks (extremely preterm) | 4 (10%) | 4 (67%) |  |
Significant pulmonary history | 13 (31%) | 5 (83%) | 0.013** |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | 7 (17%) | 4 (67%) | 0.006** |
Significant cardiac history | 0 (0%) | 1 (17%) | 0.008** |
History of previous airway surgery | 11 (26%) | 4 (67%) | 0.045** |
Previous tracheostomy | 9 (21%) | 4 (67%) | 0.02** |
 Previous laryngotracheal reconstruction | 4 (10%) | 2 (33%) | 0.099 |
 Previous balloon dilation | 6 (14%) | 2 (33%) | 0.24 |
 Findings on DLBa |  |  |  |
 Subglottic stenosis | 7 (17%) | 3 (50%) | 0.06 |
 Tracheal stenosis | 1 (2%) | 1 (17%) | 0.10 |
 Laryngomalacia | 4 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 0.43 |
 Vocal cord nodules | 3 (7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.50 |
 Average Relative Telomere Length [SE] | 3.0 [1.5] | 3.2 [1.9] | 0.95 |