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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Prognostic implications of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with acute coronary syndrome stratified by homocysteine level: a prospective cohort study

Variables

Homocysteine ≤ 15 μmol/L

P

Homocysteine > 15 μmol/L

P

P*

OSA (n = 521)

Non-OSA (n = 467)

OSA (n = 298)

Non-OSA (n = 267)

Age, years

56.6 ± 10.0

55.7 ± 10.6

0.162

56.4 ± 11.1

56.7 ± 10.4

0.774

0.476

Male, n (%)

433 (83.1)

356 (76.2)

0.007

283 (95.0)

239 (89.5)

0.015

 < 0.001

BMI, kg/m2

27.9 ± 3.6

26.1 ± 3.4

 < 0.001

28.0 ± 3.4

26.0 ± 3.5

 < 0.001

0.889

Heart rate, bpm

71 (65, 80)

70 (64, 78)

0.032

70 (64, 79)

70 (64, 77)

0.672

0.064

Systolic pressure, mmHg

126 (117, 138)

127 (116, 139)

0.974

128 (117, 140)

125 (117, 136)

0.205

0.953

Diastolic pressure, mmHg

76 (70, 85)

75 (69, 83)

0.027

79 (70, 87)

76 (70, 82)

0.027

0.148

Medical history

       

 Prior MI, n (%)

89 (17.1)

67 (14.3)

0.239

56 (18.8)

44 (16.5)

0.472

0.329

 Prior PCI, n (%)

119 (22.8)

88 (18.8)

0.123

73 (24.5)

42 (15.7)

0.010

0.780

 Heart failure, n (%)

11 (2.1)

5 (1.1)

0.217

7 (2.3)

7 (2.6)

0.835

0.237

 Hypertension, n (%)

353 (67.8)

285 (61.0)

0.027

207 (69.5)

152 (56.9)

0.002

0.682

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

186 (35.7)

178 (38.1)

0.432

75 (25.2)

48 (18.0)

0.039

 < 0.001

 Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

173 (33.2)

166 (35.5)

0.439

87 (29.2)

63 (23.6)

0.132

0.002

 Prior stroke, n (%)

55 (10.6)

29 (6.2)

0.014

39 (13.1)

36 (13.5)

0.890

0.003

 Renal impairment, n (%)

7 (1.3)

8 (1.7)

0.635

9 (3.0)

6 (2.2)

0.568

0.117

 Current smoking, n (%)

239 (45.9)

186 (39.8)

0.055

167 (56.0)

152 (56.9)

0.832

 < 0.001

 Drinking, n (%)

209 (40.1)

148 (31.7)

0.006

133 (44.6)

108 (40.4)

0.316

0.011

 Family history of CAD, n (%)

22 (4.2)

30 (6.4)

0.122

20 (6.7)

9 (3.4)

0.072

0.911

Medications

       

 Prescription at discharge

       

  Aspirin, n (%)

511 (98.1)

453 (97.0)

0.272

286 (96.0)

262 (98.1)

0.135

0.493

  P2Y12 inhibitor, n (%)

478 (91.7)

421 (90.1)

0.381

275 (92.3)

246 (92.1)

0.948

0.408

  β-blocker, n (%)

395 (75.8)

360 (77.1)

0.638

233 (78.2)

187 (70.0)

0.027

0.358

  ACEI/ARB, n (%)

338 (64.9)

273 (58.5)

0.038

200 (67.1)

158 (59.2)

0.051

0.552

  Statin, n (%)

514 (98.7)

459 (98.3)

0.635

295 (99.0)

264 (98.9)

0.892

0.454

 Disease characteristics

       

  ACS type, n (%)

  

0.120

  

0.120

0.031

  STEMI

118 (22.6)

87 (18.6)

 

84 (28.2)

60 (22.5)

  

  NSTE-ACS

403 (77.4)

380 (81.4)

 

214 (71.8)

207 (77.5)

  

  Stent implantation, n (%)

292 (56.0)

222 (47.5)

0.008

172 (57.7)

147 (55.1)

0.524

0.092

  CABG, n (%)

24 (4.6)

38 (8.1)

0.022

19 (6.4)

23 (8.6)

0.311

0.380

 Laboratory examinations

       

  LVEF, %

60 (55, 65)

61.5 (56, 65)

0.013

60 (55, 65)

61 (56, 65)

0.276

0.015

  Homocysteine, μmol/L

10.7 (9.1, 12.8)

10.4 (8.9, 12.4)

0.165

21.1 (16.8, 29.2)

21.0 (17.6, 29.3)

0.412

 < 0.001

  FPG, mmol/L

6.12 (5.39, 8.22)

6.00 (5.34, 7.57)

0.216

5.78 (5.30, 7.15)

5.61 (5.21, 6.45)

0.040

 < 0.001

  HbA1c, %

6.2 (5.7, 7.6)

6.1 (5.6, 7.2)

0.238

6.0 (5.6, 6.6)

5.8 (5.5, 6.5)

0.095

 < 0.001

  Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.18 (3.51, 4.86)

4.09 (3.39, 4.98)

0.461

4.16 (3.51, 4.97)

4.19 (3.56, 4.98)

0.654

0.192

  Triglyceride, mmol/L

1.53 (1.13, 2.25)

1.43 (1.05, 2.18)

0.035

1.57 (1.13, 2.27)

1.48 (1.06, 2.15)

0.260

0.512

  LDL-C, mmol/L

2.43 (1.94, 3.06)

2.36 (1.81, 3.07)

0.177

2.46 (1.95,3.17)

2.57 (1.97, 3.25)

0.538

0.019

  HDL-C, mmol/L

0.99 (0.86, 1.14)

1.03 (0.88, 1.19)

0.010

0.97 (0.86, 1.13)

1.02 (0.85, 1.17)

0.116

0.151

  eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

106.8 (92.4 121.7)

110.7 (95.5, 126.0)

0.003

98.5 (81.4, 115.3)

102.4 (82.2, 118.4)

0.240

 < 0.001

  1. Data are presented as median
  2. IQR first and third quartiles or number (percentage), BMI body mass index, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, CAD coronary artery disease, ACEI/ARB Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, STEMI ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, NSTE-ACS non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, FPG fasting plasm glucose, HbA1c Glycosylated hemoglobin, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
  3. *Comparison between patients with homocysteine ≤ 15 μmol/L and those > 15 μmol/L
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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