Table 2 Hazard ratios for time to the composite outcome (non-fatal severe CV event or all-cause death), comparing exposed periods in the 365 days following the onset of an first exacerbation of COPD (moderate or severe/ moderate/ severe) to the non-exposure period
Time period | No. of first CV events of any type | Person years of follow-up | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted* HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
While patient is unexposed | ||||
Prior to the first exacerbation or > 365 days since exposure | 732 | 21,764 | 1 | 1 |
After the onset of an exacerbation (moderate or severe) | ||||
1–7 days | 82 | 98 | 24.1 (19.0–30.5) | 15.3 (11.8–20.0) |
8–14 days | 38 | 96 | 11.0 (7.9–15.4) | 7.0 (4.9–10.0) |
15–30 days | 51 | 204 | 7.4 (5.5–9.9) | 4.8 (3.5–6.5) |
31–180 days | 124 | 1376 | 2.7 (2.2–3.3) | 1.9 (1.5–2.3) |
181–365 days | 65 | 1069 | 1.8 (1.4–2.4) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) |
After the onset of a moderate exacerbation | ||||
1–7 days | 10 | 76 | 3.7 (2.0–6.9) | 2.5 (1.3–4.8) |
8–14 days | 11 | 75 | 4.0 (2.2–7.3) | 2.7 (1.5–5.0) |
15–30 days | 21 | 161 | 3.9 (2.5–6.0) | 2.6 (1.7–4.2) |
31–180 days | 80 | 1099 | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) | 1.6 (1.3–2.1) |
181–365 days | 46 | 859 | 1.6 (1.2–2.2) | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) |
After the onset of a severe exacerbation | ||||
1–7 days | 72 | 22 | 91.5 (71.3–117.3) | 48.6 (36.9–64.0) |
8–14 days | 27 | 21 | 37.2 (25.2–54.8) | 20.0 (13.3–30.1) |
15–30 days | 30 | 43 | 20.1 (13.9–29.1) | 11.3 (7.7–16.5) |
31–180 days | 44 | 275 | 4.8 (3.6–6.6) | 2.8 (2.0–3.8) |
181–365 days | 19 | 209 | 2.8 (1.8–4.4) | 1.6 (1.0–2.6) |