| EwAL | GOLD 1 | GOLD 2 | GOLD 3 | A1ATD | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Per-protocol subjects, n | 61 | 122 | 127 | 127 | 19 | Â |
Airflow limitation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 FEV1, L | 3.48 (0.77) | 2.66 (0.54) | 1.97 (0.46) | 1.17 (0.29) | 1.85 (0.85) |  < 0.0001 |
 % predicted FEV1 | 102.1 (12.2) | 87.4 (9.4) | 65.0 (9.7) | 39.6 (7.6) | 50.4 (20.3) |  < 0.0001 |
 FEV1/FVC, % | 78.8 (5.7) | 63.4 (5.4) | 54.6 (8.6) | 38.2 (9.0) | 40.6 (13.4) |  < 0.0001 |
 FVC, L | 4.42 (0.97) | 4.22 (0.85) | 3.66 (0.90) | 3.16 (0.89) | 4.54 (1.38) |  < 0.0001 |
 % predicted FVC, % | 102.2 (10.9) | 107.7 (13.2) | 93.8 (13.5) | 82.6 (15.1) | 96.9 (17.6) |  < 0.0001 |
Body plethysmography | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 TLC, L | 6.81 (1.27) | 6.70 (1.29) | 6.60 (1.44) | 7.02 (1.58) | 8.16 (1.53) | 0.0217 |
 RV, L | 2.27 (0.54) | 2.51 (0.66) | 2.91 (0.96) | 3.64 (1.02) | 3.63 (0.81) |  < 0.0001 |
 % predicted RV, % | 106.5 (21.3) | 111.5 (26.0) | 129.0 (38.0) | 161.8 (44.4) | 163.0 (27.2) |  < 0.0001 |
DLCO | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 DLCO, mmol/min/kPa |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  Mean (SD) | 11.36 (7.66) | 13.34 (8.64) | 9.36 (6.52) | 7.16 (5.14) | 5.19 (2.02) |  < 0.0001* |
  Median | 8.77 | 9.28 | 6.75 | 5.18 | 4.78 |  |
  Range (Q1–Q3) | 4.41 | 12.83 | 7.69 | 5.59 | 2.34 |  |
  % predicted DLCO | 89.2 (16.1) | 79.8 (21.3) | 63.4 (18.1) | 51.5 (17.5) | 51.1 (12.7) |  < 0.0001 |
DLCO/VA, mmol/min/kPa | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mean (SD) | 1.88 (1.20) | 2.25 (1.36) | 1.79 (1.19) | 1.61 (1.20) | 0.83 (0.19) |  < 0.0001* |
 Median | 1.38 | 1.48 | 1.23 | 1.04 | 0.85 |  |
 Range (Q1–Q3) | 0.43 | 2.39 | 1.62 | 1.83 | 0.09 |  |