Table 1 Characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with and without cardiac injury during ICU stay
From: Impact of sex differences on cardiac injury in critically ill patients with COVID-19
Variables | No cardiac injury (n = 79) | Cardiac injury (n = 119) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | |||
 Age (years) | 63 (52–69) | 70 (61–75) | < 0.001 |
 Male gender, n (%) | 59 (75) | 88 (74) | 1.00 |
 SAPS-2 | 33 (24–43) | 45 (37–65) | < 0.001 |
 SOFA score on ICU admission | 5 (3–9) | 7 (3–11) | 0.04 |
 Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28 (26–32) | 28 (26–31) | 0.48 |
 Obesity, n (%) | 35 (44) | 43 (36) | 0.30 |
 Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 27 (34) | 76 (64) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 20 (25) | 41 (35) | 0.21 |
 Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 15 (19) | 37 (31) | 0.07 |
 Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 4 (5) | 20 (17) | 0.01 |
 Stroke, n (%) | 0 (0) | 9 (8) | 0.01 |
 Smokers, n (%) | 10 (13) | 23 (19) | 0.25 |
 Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | 56 (71) | 101 (85) | 0.01 |
 Chronic cardiac disease, n (%) | 1 (1) | 13 (11) | < 0.01 |
 Chronic respiratory disease, n (%) | 5 (6) | 6 (5) | 0.76 |
 Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 3 (4) | 23 (19) | < 0.01 |
 Neoplasia, n (%) | 9 (11) | 20 (17) | 0.31 |
 Immunosuppression, n (%) | 3 (4) | 19 (16) | 0.01 |
 Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers, n (%) | 20 (25) | 55 (46) | < 0.01 |
Treatments on ICU admission | |||
 Corticosteroids, n (%) | 71 (90) | 100 (84) | 0.29 |
 Tocilizumab, n (%) | 20 (25) | 26 (22) | 0.61 |
 Antiviral drugs, n (%) | 2 (2) | 9 (8) | 0.21 |
 Low-dose thrombophylaxis, n (%) | 7 (9) | 10 (8) | 1.00 |
 Enhanced intermediate-dose thrombophylaxis, n (%) | 64 (81) | 74 (62) | < 0.01 |
 Curative anticoagulation, n (%) | 8 (10) | 44 (37) | < 0.001 |
Management during ICU stay | |||
 Neuromuscular blocker agents, n (%) | 42 (53) | 83 (70) | 0.02 |
 Prone positioning, n (%) | 40 (51) | 74 (62) | 0.14 |
 Venovenous ECMO, n (%) | 3 (4) | 5 (4) | 1.00 |
 Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 4 (5) (55) | 32 (27) | < 0.001 |
Delays and outcomes | |||
 From onset of symptoms to ICU admission (days) | 9 (7–11) | 8 (6–11) | 0.24 |
 Acute respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 46 (58) | 86 (72) | 0.05 |
 Pulmonary embolism, n (%) | 8 (10) | 21 (18) | 0.16 |
 Acute kidney injury, n (%) | 19 (24) | 72 (60) | < 0.001 |
 Disseminated intravascular coagulation, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 1.00 |
 Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (days) | 11 (4–26) | 17 (7–36) | 0.09 |
 ICU length of stay (days) | 9 (5–15) | 14 (7–31) | < 0.01 |
 ICU mortality rate (n, %) | 7 (9) | 36 (30) | < 0.001 |