Fig. 4

Lung inflammation, emphysema formation, and cell death in CS-exposed mice. (A) The numbers of total cells, (B) number of macrophages, (C) number of neutrophils, and (D) number of lymphocytes in the BALF. (E) Representative photomicrographs of lungs of the AIM^−/− or WT mice 16 weeks after CS or air exposure. Scale bar: 500 μm. (F) Quantification of MLI 16 weeks after CS or air exposure. (G) Representative photomicrographs of TUNEL and Hoechst staining of lungs of the AIM^−/− or WT mice after 16 weeks of CS or air exposure. Scale bar: 100 μm. (H) Quantification of TUNEL-positive cells 16 weeks after CS or air exposure. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 4–8). ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.005 by the Welch’s t test for (A)–(D), Welch’s t test with a Holm adjustment for (F), and Tukey–Kramer test for (H)