Fig. 4

Effects of VacA treatment on the immune phenotype in a chronic allergic airway disease model. a) VacA treatment increases proportions of Tregs. Tregs were characterized by the expression of FoxP3⁺ CD25⁺ cells in the CD3⁺ CD4⁺ cell population; scatter plots show the percentage in lung, spleen, tracheal lymph node (tLN) and mesenteric lymph node (mLN). b) Scatter plot showing change in geomean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of MHCII on MHCII⁺ CD11c⁺ cells versus negative control group. c) Box plot of tissue residential memory T cells (CD103⁺ CD69⁺), central memory T cells (CD62L^high CD44^high) and effector memory T cells (CD62L^low CD44^high) in the CD3⁺ CD4⁺ and CD3⁺ CD8⁺ cell populations; results from two independent experiments n = 5–9 per group. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ****p < 0.0001