Fig. 2

Establishment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) lung injury. a Measures of pulmonary gas exchange and lung mechanics including, pH, lactate, base excess, systolic pulmonary pressure (SPP), peak pressure and PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio. b Representative haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of a healthy and an ARDS porcine lung. Scale bars in the larger images represent 0.5 mm and 0.05 mm in the callouts that show a magnified portion of the tissue. c Cytokine measurement in plasma before LPS was administered, during two consecutive timepoints in the induction phase and at the state of confirmed ARDS lung injury (n = 12). d White blood cell, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts were recorded at baseline, during lung injury induction after LPS administration (two consecutive timepoints) and at the time of confirmed ARDS (n = 12). Statistically significant differences between groups were tested with the two-sided Mann–Whitney test or the Kruskal–Wallis test when data were not normally distributed. A mixed effects-analysis with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test was used in case of missing values. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise stated