Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in high risk pregnancy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Respiratory Research

Table 7 Secondary outcomes on preeclampsia, and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy using the per-protocol and counterfactual analyses

Endpoints	CPAP group	Usual-care group	Risk difference, % (95%CI)^a	Number needed to treat (95%CI)^a	p value
Per-protocol analysis	(n = 50)	(n = 155)
Preeclampsia, no. (%)	6 (12.0)	35 (22.6)	− 11 (− 22, 6)	–	0.124
Severe preeclampsia^b	6 (12.0)	22 (14.19)	− 2 (− 8, 13)	–	0.684
Early preeclampsia^c	4 (8.0)	4 (2.58)	5 (− 13, 3)	–	0.180
Late preeclampsia^d	2 (4.0)	31 (20.0)	− 16 (− 24, − 8)	7 (3, 10)	0.024
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy^e, no. (%)	7(14.0)	39(25.2)	− 11 (− 23, 1)	–	0.120
Counterfactual analysis	(n = 52)	(n = 258)
Preeclampsia, no. (%)	6 (11.5)	49 (19.0)	− 17 (− 27, − 6)	6 (2, 10)	< 0.001
Severe preeclampsia^b	6 (11.54)	29 (11.24)	9 (− 19, 0.4)	–	0.062
Early preeclampsia^c	4 (7.69)	4 (1.55)	2 (− 5, 5)	–	0.938
Late preeclampsia^d	2 (3.85)	45 (17.44)	− 18 (− 27, − 10)	6 (3, 8)	< 0.001
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy^e, no. (%)^e	7 (13.5)	53 (20.5)	− 19 (− 30, − 9)	5 (2, 8)	< 0.001

CPAP continuous positive airway pressure; 95%CI 95% confidence interval
^aBinary logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risk difference and number needed to treat of preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy between participants in CPAP versus usual-care groups
^bSevere preeclampsia was defined according to Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on hypertension in pregnancy [31, 32]
^cEarly-onset preeclampsia was defined as developing preeclampsia before 34 completed weeks’ gestation;
^dLate-onset preeclampsia was defined as developing preeclampsia a or beyond 34 weeks’ gestation
^eHypertensive disorders in pregnancy comprised of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension

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