Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analyses for cancer-specific mortality in the multi-center database from China

Sex

 Male

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 Female

0.87 (0.51–1.48)

0.600

1.13 (0.66–1.95)

0.651

1.12 (0.65–1.93)

0.693

Age (years)

 ≤ 65

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 > 65

1.33 (0.95–1.87)

0.096

1.28 (0.90–1.82)

0.163

1.27 (0.89–1.81)

0.183

Location

 Upper lobe

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 Lower lobe

0.94 (0.66–1.36)

0.952

1.19 (0.81–1.75)

0.377

1.05 (0.71–1.54)

0.822

 Other/unknown

1.14 (0.64–2.02)

0.657

1.10 (0.61–1.99)

0.745

0.96 (0.53–1.74)

0.900

Tumor size

 ≤ 3.0 cm

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 > 3.0 cm

1.23 (0.88–1.73)

0.234

1.10 (0.77–1.56)

0.597

1.11 (0.77–1.58)

0.582

Grade

 III

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 IV

2.53 (1.59–4.04)

< 0.001

2.97 (1.83–4.84)

< 0.001

3.03 (1.85–4.97)

< 0.001

 Unknown

1.10 (0.71–1.70)

0.667

1.46 (0.91–2.34)

0.119

1.37 (0.86–2.19)

0.183

Surgery Approach

 Lobectomy/pneumonectomy

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 Sub-lobectomy

0.97 (0.55–1.72)

0.918

0.98 (0.54–1.77)

0.943

0.94 (0.52–1.70)

0.832

Chemotherapy

 No

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1

 Yes

0.82 (0.58–1.16)

0.265

0.72 (0.49–1.06)

0.093

0.69 (0.47–1.01)

0.053

Radiotherapy

 No

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 Yes

1.02 (0.64–1.63)

0.932

0.72 (0.44–1.19)

0.198

0.68 (0.41–1.12)

0.131

pN classification

 pN0

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 pN1

1.77 (1.07–2.91)

0.025

2.10 (1.26–3.50)

0.005

 pN2

2.93 (2.00-4.29)

< 0.001

3.46 (2.30–5.22)

< 0.001

New pN classification

 New pN#1

1 [reference]

1 [reference]

 New pN#2

2.59 (1.59–4.21)

< 0.001

3.06 (1.85–5.05)

< 0.001

 New pN#3

5.01 (3.20–7.85)

< 0.001

6.06 (3.78–9.71)

< 0.001

-2LogLikelihood value

1380.058

1352.247

AIC

1404.058

1376.247

BIC

1448.780

1420.969

 C-index (SE)

0.622 (0.041)

0.679 (0.035)