Predictors and outcomes of acute pulmonary embolism in COVID-19; insights from US National COVID cohort collaborative

Table 2 Outcomes of COVID-19 patients with and without acute pulmonary embolism

	Pulmonary embolism positive^a	Pulmonary embolism negative^b	aHR/OR^c p value
Mortality	264 (23.6%)	3918 (12.8%)	1.36 (1.20–1.55), p < 0.001
Intubation	174 (17.6%)	2874 (9.3%)	1.38 (1.18–1.61), p < 0.001
History of pulmonary embolism/DVT	92 (8.2%)	77 (1.7%)	5.11 (3.75–6.98), p < 0.001
Chest pain	93 (8.3%)	246 (5.5%)	1.55 (1.21–1.99), p < 0.001
Length of stay (days)	9 (5–18)	6 (3–11)	1.02 (1.02–1.03), p < 0.001
CRP (mg/dl)	89.95 (41.98–176.93)	76.8 (31–152)	1.001 (1.0009–1.002), p < 0.001
Ferritin (ng/ml)	665 (292–1292)	556 (256–1181)	1 (0.99–1), p = 0.57
d-dimer FEU (mcg/ml)	1.98 (0.95–6.38)	0.97 (0.54–1.87)	1.13 (1.1–1.15), p < 0.001
d-dimer DDU (mcg/ml)	1.03 (0.44–3.74)	0.42 (0.25–0.80)	1.13 (1.06–1.21), p < 0.001
Fibrinogen (mg/dl)	539 (393–684)	553 (430–681)	0.999 (0.998–0.999), p = 0.03
LDH (units/l)	406 (293–567)	341 (253–478)	1.0003 (1.00001–1.0006), p = 0.001
Lymphocytes (1000/ml)	1.04 (0.67–1.59)	0.96 (0.65–1.4)	1.04 (0.99–1.09) p = 0.101
Heart rate (beats/min)	91 (77–104)	86 (76–100)	1.009 (1.004–1.013), p < 0.001

Data are n (%) or median (IQR 25–75th percentile)
^aTotal no of pulmonary embolism positive COVID-19 patients for mortality and secondary outcomes (history of pulmonary embolism/DVT, chest pain, length of stay, CRP, ferritin, D-dimer FEU and DDU, fibrinogen, LDH, lymphocytes, Heart rate) are 1117. For intubation outcomes, total no of pulmonary embolism positive patients are 989, since 128 patients were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism after the intubation
^bTotal no of pulmonary embolism negative COVID-19 patients for primary outcomes (mortality and intubation) are 30,383. For secondary outcomes, total count for pulmonary embolism negative patients are 4468
^cPrimary outcomes are reported as adjusted HR (aHR), secondary outcomes are reported as Odds ratio (OR)

ISSN: 1465-993X