Fig. 5

Modulating effect of MSCs on ILCs and T cells activation in a BLM-induced lung fibrosis model. A The number of ILCs, IL-17A⁺ ILCs, IFN-γ⁺ ILCs, IL-5⁺ ILCs and IL-13⁺ ILCs in lungs. B The number of IL-17A⁺ CD4⁺ T cells, IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ T cells, and IL-22⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in lungs. C The number of IL-5⁺ CD4⁺ T cells and IL-13⁺ CD4⁺ T cells in lungs. D The ratio of IL-10⁺ Tregs in lungs. E Th17 differentiation protocol. F The ratio of Th17 and Treg. G Changes in Il17, Rorc, Il10, and Foxp3 mRNA expression by MSCs in the Th17 cells. n = 4–5 for each group, *indicates P < 0.05, **indicates P < 0.01, ***indicates P < 0.001, ****indicates P < 0.0001. All results are representative of at least three independent experiments. ILC innate lymphoid cell, IL interleukin, IFN interferon, Th17 T helper 17 cells; Treg, regulatory T cells