Fig. 3

DSF attenuates the development of hypoxia-induced PH in rats. A Timeline of DSF therapy in hypoxia-induced PH in rats (n = 5 each). B, C RVSP and RV/(LV + S) of rats that were treated with DSF after 4 weeks of hypoxia (n = 5 each). D Representative HE lung sections and immunofluorescence images of α-SMA (green) in rats exposed to hypoxia and treated with DSF. Scale bar: 50 μm (n = 5 each). E Quantification of the medial area/CSA in hypoxia-treated rats treated with DSF (n = 5 each). Values are the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test or the Kruskal–Wallis test. *P < 0.05 vs. vehicle, and ^#P < 0.05 vs. normoxia (n = 5 each)