Fig. 3

Steps/day, duration of activity and energy expenditure; mean change from baseline, LAMA/LABA vs placebo and vs monotherapy. Random effects analysis model (against placebo, ≥ 3.0 METs); fixed effects analysis model for other comparisons. Aclid aclidinium, CI confidence interval, Formo formoterol, Glicopi glycopyrronium, Inda indacaterol, IV inverse variance, kcal kilocalories, LABA long-acting beta-2 agonists, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonists, MET metabolic equivalent task, Olo olodaterol, Plcb placebo, SE standard error, Std. standardized, Tio Tiotropium, µm microgram