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Table 2 Effect of exercise on risk of myocardial infarction or stroke

From: Association between exercise and risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis

  

No. of patients

Myocardial infarction

Stroke

  

No. of

events

IR (/1,000 PY)

aHR* (95% CI)

No. of

events

IR (/1,000 PY)

aHR* (95% CI)

Overall

Non-exercisers

110,499

3,011

4.4

1 (Reference)

2,634

3.8

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

21,056

482

3.7

0.82 (0.75–0.91)

403

3.1

0.79 (0.71–0.88)

 

Exercise dropouts

19,377

444

3.7

0.79 (0.72–0.87)

447

3.7

0.91 (0.82–1.00)

 

Exercise maintainers

14,910

296

3.2

0.72 (0.64–0.81)

261

2.8

0.72 (0.64–0.82)

 

P-value

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

Age, years

        

  < 40 years

Non-exercisers

7,215

35

0.7

1 (Reference)

14

0.3

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

950

1

0.2

0.22 (0.03–1.62)

1

0.2

0.56 (0.07–4.23)

 

Exercise dropouts

917

7

1.1

1.53 (0.68–3.45)

4

0.6

2.21 (0.73–6.71)

 

Exercise maintainers

539

2

0.6

0.78 (0.19–3.26)

2

0.6

1.94 (0.44–8.55)

 

P-value

   

0.228

  

0.479

  40–64 years

Non-exercisers

64,907

1,301

3.1

1 (Reference)

811

2.0

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

12,625

229

2.8

0.87 (0.76–1.00)

147

1.8

0.88 (0.74–1.05)

 

Exercise dropouts

10,952

183

2.6

0.79 (0.67–0.92)

137

2.0

0.94 (0.78–1.12)

 

Exercise maintainers

8,924

138

2.4

0.76 (0.64–0.90)

68

1.2

0.58 (0.45–0.74)

 

P-value

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  ≥ 65 years

Non-exercisers

38,377

1,675

7.5

1 (Reference)

1,809

8.1

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

7,481

252

5.7

0.79 (0.69–0.90)

255

5.8

0.75 (0.65–0.85)

 

Exercise dropouts

7,508

254

5.8

0.78 (0.69–0.90)

306

7.0

0.88 (0.78–1.00)

 

Exercise maintainers

5,447

156

4.9

0.69 (0.59–0.82)

191

6.0

0.79 (0.68–0.91)

 

P-value

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

 

P for interaction†

   

0.434

  

0.074

Sex

        

  Male

Non-exercisers

50,714

1,550

4.9

1 (Reference)

1,430

4.6

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

10,856

295

4.4

0.84 (0.74–0.95)

255

3.8

0.78 (0.68–0.89)

 

Exercise dropouts

9,935

262

4.3

0.79 (0.69–0.90)

280

4.6

0.89 (0.79–1.02)

 

Exercise maintainers

8,831

203

3.7

0.73 (0.63–0.84)

197

3.6

0.75 (0.65–0.87)

 

P-value

   

< 0.001

  

< 0.001

  Female

Non-exercisers

59,785

1,461

3.9

1 (Reference)

1,204

3.2

1 (Reference)

 

Exercisers

       
 

New exercisers

10,200

187

2.9

0.79 (0.68–0.93)

148

2.3

0.82 (0.69–0.97)

 

Exercise dropouts

9,442

182

3.1

0.79 (0.68–0.92)

167

2.8

0.93 (0.79–1.09)

 

Exercise maintainers

6,079

93

2.5

0.71 (0.58–0.88)

64

1.7

0.65 (0.51–0.84)

 

P-value

   

< 0.001

  

0.002

 

P for interaction†

   

0.946

  

0.714

  1. *In the adjustment, age, sex, low income, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, asthma or COPD, and cancer were included
  2. †The P for interaction was calculated by adding an interaction term to the multivariable model
  3. IR incidence rate, PY person-years, aHR adjusted hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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