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Table 3 Association between paternal age (continuous, per 5-year increase) and lung function, stratified by prenatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

From: Association of advanced paternal age with lung function at school age

 

Crude coefficient β (95% CI)a

Adjusted coefficient β (95% CI)a

Prenatal exposure to ETS ( n = 541)

 

 FVC (mL)

− 4.19 (− 22.97, 14.59)

− 7.39 (− 22.59, 7.81)

 FEV1 (mL)

− 11.60 (− 28.58, 5.37)

− 15.11 (− 29.06, − 1.16) *

 FEV1/FVC (%)

− 0.64 (− 1.14, − 0.13) *

− 0.77 (− 1.34, − 0.20) *

 FEF75 (mL/s)

− 22.70 (− 43.25, − 2.15) *

− 27.21 (− 49.28, − 5.15) *

 PEF (mL/s)

− 39.95 (− 88.94, 9.04)

− 50.95 (− 99.81, − 2.09) *

 FeNO (ppb)

0.34 (− 0.82, 1.49)

0.03 (− 1.28, 1.34)

No prenatal exposure to ETS ( n = 789)

 

 FVC (mL)

− 5.97 (− 22.15, 10.21)

2.33 (− 9.54, 14.20)

 FEV1 (mL)

− 7.79 (− 22.78, 7.19)

− 1.27 (− 12.38, 9.84)

 FEV1/FVC (%)

− 0.21 (− 0.64, 0.22)

− 0.33 (− 0.79, 0.14)

 FEF75 (mL/s)

− 18.52 (− 37.62, 0.57)

− 16.11 (− 35.12, 2.90)

 PEF (mL/s)

− 13.42 (− 56.35, 29.5)

0.82 (− 39.22, 40.87)

 FeNO (ppb)

− 0.63 (− 2.02, 0.76)

− 0.70 (− 2.18, 0.78)

  1. CI confidence interval, ETS environmental tobacco smoke, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEF75 forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC, PEF peak expiratory flow; ppb: parts per billion
  2. aPer 5-year increase in paternal age at birth, adjusting for age, sex, height, maternal age at birth, prematurity, birth weight, cesarean delivery, birth order, physician-diagnosed asthma, parental university education, parental allergic diseases, breastfeeding, and household income
  3. *P < 0.05 is bold