One-year pulmonary impairment after severe COVID-19: a prospective, multicenter follow-up study

Respiratory Research

Table 3 Multivariable model results on DLCO impairment during follow-up

DLCO impairment at 6 and 12 months	OR	95% CI	p
CPAP vs oxygen alone	0.73	0.39–1.35–	0.315
IMV vs oxygen alone	1.44	0.71–2.93	0.316
12-month vs 6-month visit	0.83	0.63–1.09	0.17
Age (per year) in males	0.99	0.96–1.03	0.534
Age (per year) in females	1.04	1.01–1.07
BMI (per kg/m²)	0.94	0.88–1.01	0.078
Cardiovascular diseases (yes vs no)	0.76	0.41–1.38	0.360
Diabetes (yes vs no)	1.82	0.82–4.04	0.139
Asthma (yes vs no)	3.33	1.19–9.32	0.022
Systemic steroid (yes vs no)	1.50	0.90–2.50	0.125
Prophylactic heparin (yes vs no)	0.62	0.38–1.02	0.060

BMI body mass index, CI confidence intervals, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, DLCO diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, IMV invasive mechanical ventilation, OR odds ratio

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