Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patient with ARDS
Parameter | All patients N = 224 | Survival N = 118 | Non-survival = 106 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 67 | 65.4 ± 17 | 68.8 ± 14.7 | 0.114 |
Male | 160 | 83 | 77 | 0.703 |
ARDS etiologies, N (%) | ||||
Pneumonia | 168 (75) | 90 (76.3) | 78 (73.6) | 0.643 |
Sepsis | 21 (9.3) | 11 (9.3) | 10 (9.4) | 0.422 |
Other causes | 35 (15.6) | 17 (14.4) | 18 (17) | 0.596 |
Disease severity | ||||
APACHE II score | 23.2 ± 7.1 | 22 ± 6.8 | 24.5 ± 7.3 | 0.09 |
Comorbidities, N (%) | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 90 (40.2) | 51 (43.2) | 39 (36.8) | 0.327 |
Chronic heart disease | 24 (10.7) | 11 (9.3) | 13 (12.3) | 0.477 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 34 (15.2) | 17 (14.4) | 17 (16) | 0.734 |
Chronic liver disease | 36 (16.1) | 15 (12.7) | 21 (19.8) | 0.149 |
Chronic renal disease | 28 (12.5) | 13 (11) | 15 (14.2) | 0.149 |
Malignancy | 51 (22.8) | 23 (19.5) | 28 (26.4) | 0.149 |
ARDS category, N† (%) | ||||
Mild | 14 (6.3) | 8 (6.8) | 6 (5.7) | 0.776 |
Moderate | 150 (67) | 81 (68.6) | 69 (65) | |
Severe | 59 (26.3) | 29 (24.6) | 30 (28.3) | |
Rescue treatment, N (%) | ||||
Recruitment maneuver | 90 (40.2) | 51 (43.2) | 39 (36.8) | 0.327 |
Prone position | 6 (2.7) | 1 (0.8) | 5 (4.7) | 0.073 |
ECMO | 8 (3.5) | 3 (2.5) | 5 (4.7) | 0.381 |
Duration, mean ± SD | ||||
Length of ICU | 14.1 ± 7.5 | 14.9 ± 6.9 | 13.1 ± 8 | 0.069 |
Length of in-hospital | 27.4 ± 22.3 | 37 ± 24.5 | 16.7 ± 12.6 | < 0.001 |
Arterial blood gas, mean ± SD | ||||
Day 1 | ||||
PaO2/FiO2 ratio† | 151.7 ± 61.7 | 158.2 ± 68.7 | 144.4 ± 51.9 | 0.096 |
PaCO2† | 39.5 ± 10.6 | 38.7 ± 9.8 | 40.3 ± 11.5 | 0.27 |
Day 2 | ||||
PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 173.3 ± 67.3 | 180.8 ± 73.6 | 164.8 ± 58.6 | 0.075 |
PaCO2 | 40.1 ± 33.2 | 41.9 ± 45.1 | 38.2 ± 7.4 | 0.403 |
Day 3 | ||||
PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 187.9 ± 76.7 | 200.4 ± 78.6 | 173.6 ± 72.2 | 0.009 |
PaCO2 | 37.5 ± 7.7 | 36.8 ± 7.7 | 38.2 ± 7.6 | 0.189 |
Ventilator parameters, mean ± SD | ||||
Day 1 | ||||
Vt (mL/kg IBW) | 7.4 ± 0.89 | 7.5 ± 0.8 | 7.3 ± 0.9 | 0.0701 |
PEEP (cmH2O) | 12.8 ± 2.6 | 12.5 ± 2.4 | 13.1 ± 2.8 | 0.0864 |
Day 2 | ||||
Vt (mL/kg IBW) | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 7.4 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 1.2 | 0.0965 |
PEEP (cmH2O) | 12.4 ± 2.5 | 12.1 ± 2.4 | 12.7 ± 2.5 | 0.0929 |
Day 3 | ||||
Vt (mL/kg IBW) | 7.3 ± 1 | 7.4 ± 0.8 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 0.1421 |
PEEP (cmH2O) | 12 ± 3 | 11.4 ± 2.7 | 12.6 ± 3.2 | 0.0019 |