Table 5 Literature review for studies evaluating efficacy of prone positioning in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 ARDS

Present study by Jimyung Park

23

South Korea

End of first proning session

Median 107 (IQR 92–132)

→ median 196 (IQR 161–248)

Median 27.2 (IQR 21.9–32.7)

→ median 31.5 (IQR 25.2–37.0)

Osama Abou-Arab [41]

25

France

End of first proning session

Median 91 (95% CI 78–137)

→ median 124 (95% CI 97–149)

Median 32 (95% CI 21–38)

→ median 32 (95% CI 23–40)

Alfredo J Astua [42]

29

U.S.A

End of first proning session

Mean 107.5 ± 5.6

→ mean 142.0 ± 10.8

N.A

Max Berrill [43]

34

U.K

End of every proning session

Mean 99.8 ± 100

→ mean 151.9 ± 58.9

N.A

Jennifer Clarke [44]

20

Ireland

During first proning session

Median 123 (IQR 100–154)

→ median 286 (IQR 195–348)

Median 33.7 (IQR 30.1–43.0)

→ median 32.5 (IQR 26.7–37.5)

Ivor S Douglas [45]

61

U.S.A

2 h after starting proning

Median 99 (IQR 73–128)

→ median 136 (IQR 105–164)

N.A

Helena Gleissman [46]

44

Sweden

End of first proning session

Median 104 (IQR 86–122)

→ median 161 (IQR 127–207)

N.A

Rohit Khullar [47]

23

U.S.A

End of last proning session

Mean 84.8 (SD N.A.)

→ mean 202.0 (SD N.A.)

N.A

Thomas Langer [48]

78

Italy

End of first proning session

Median 98 (IQR 72–121)

→ median 158 (IQR 112–220)

Median 43 (IQR 31–50)

→ median 42 (IQR 35–48)

Mirja Mittermaier [49]

9

Germany

12 h after starting proning

Mean 118.4 ± 41.9

→ mean 181.8 ± 63.2

N.A

François Perier [50]

9

France

3 h after starting proning

N.A

Median 44 (IQR 38–55)

→ median 39 (IQR 32–53)

Ling Sang [51]

20

China

End of first proning session

Mean 68.0 ± 10.3

→ mean 82.4 ± 15.5

Mean 17.5 ± 3.5

→ mean 20.6 ± 4.4

Gaetano Scaramuzzo [52]

191

Italy

3 h after resupination

Median 49% improvement (IQR 19–100%)

N.A

Mehdi C Shelhamer [53]

62

U.S.A

During first proning session

Improvement by 36.4 mmHg (49% improvement)

N.A

Richard Vollenberg [54]

13

Germany

6 h after starting proning

Median 58% improvement (IQR 31–95%)

Median 38 (IQR 26–58)

→ median 39 (IQR 27–59)

Tyler T Weiss [29]

36

U.S.A

2 h after starting proning

Median 131 (IQR 87–144)

→ median 208 (IQR 146–268)

Median 29.2 (IQR 23.3–35.5)

→ median 29.2 (IQR 24.0–36.2)

David R Ziehr [55]

122

U.S.A

End of first proning session

Median 149 (IQR 123–170)

→ median 235 (IQR 186–285)

Median 31 (IQR 27–39)

→ median 33 (IQR 28–38)