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Table 2 Factors associated with maintenance and episodic oral corticosteroid use

From: Trends in oral corticosteroids use in severe asthma: a 14-year population-based study

Parameter

Maintenance use

Episodic use

OR

95%CI

P

RR

95%CI

P

Female sex

1.11

1.00–1.23

0.05*

1.08

1.05–1.11

 < 0.01*

SES quintile

1.04

1.01–1.07

0.02*

0.99

0.99–1.00

0.09

Calendar year

0.97

0.96–0.98

 < 0.01*

1.01

1.01–1.01

 < 0.01*

Age

1.31

1.25–1.38

 < 0.01*

1.02

1.01–1.03

 < 0.01*

ICS Medication Possession Ratio#

1.38

1.19–1.60

 < 0.01*

1.11

1.07–1.15

 < 0.01*

Number of dispensed SABA canisters#

1.03

1.02–1.03

 < 0.01*

1.01

1.00–1.01

 < 0.01*

Asthma-related hospital admission#

2.90

2.48–3.40

 < 0.01*

1.15

1.12–1.20

 < 0.01*

Asthma-related specialist visit#

2.86

2.47–3.29

 < 0.01*

1.05

0.99–1.12

0.09

Asthma-related internist visit#

1.58

1.31—1.92

 < 0.01*

1.06

0.97–1.15

0.17

Asthma-related general practitioner visit#

1.26

1.14–1.40

 < 0.01*

1.08

1.06–1.10

 < 0.01*

Comorbidity

 Group 1 (Myocardial infarction)

0.96

0.51–1.81

0.91

1.07

0.87–1.32

0.53

 Group 2 (Congestive heart failure)

1.34

0.92–1.97

0.13

0.96

0.86–1.08

0.49

 Group 3 (Peripheral vascular disease)

1.57

0.98–2.51

0.06

0.91

0.80–1.03

0.13

 Group 4 (Cerebrovascular disease)

1.04

0.63–1.70

0.88

1.01

0.88–1.17

0.85

 Group 5 (Dementia)

0.91

0.40–2.09

0.83

1.08

0.85–1.38

0.53

 Group 6 (Chronic pulmonary disease)

1.58

1.43–1.74

 < 0.01*

1.17

1.13–1.20

 < 0.01*

 Group 7 (Connective tissue disease)

1.67

1.27–2.21

 < 0.01*

0.91

0.83–0.98

0.01*

 Group 8 (Peptic ulcer disease)

0.84

0.54–1.31

0.44

1.02

0.91–1.14

0.74

 Group 9 (Mild liver disease)

0.80

0.57–1.11

0.18

1.00

0.92–1.08

0.98

 Group 10 (Diabetes without complication)

1.22

1.03–1.44

0.02*

1.03

0.97–1.08

0.36

 Group 11 (Diabetes with complication)

0.99

0.74–1.32

0.94

1.04

0.94–1.14

0.43

 Group 12 (Paraplegia and Hemiplegia)

1.06

0.73–1.54

0.77

1.05

0.88–1.26

0.58

 Group 13 (Renal disease)

1.59

1.29–1.96

 < 0.01*

0.97

0.91–1.05

0.48

 Group 14 (Cancer)

1.27

1.08–1.49

 < 0.01*

1.00

0.95–1.05

0.91

 Group 15 (Moderate or Severe liver Disease)

0.92

0.68–1.26

0.61

1.01

0.95–1.07

0.74

 Group 16 (Metastatic Carcinoma)

1.56

1.26–1.92

 < 0.01*

0.93

0.86–1.01

0.08

 Group 17 (AIDS/HIV)

0.99

0.89–1.09

0.84

0.99

0.96–1.01

0.54

  1. ICS Inhaled corticosteroids, SABA Short-acting beta-agonist, SES Socio-economic status, OR odds ratio, RR relative rate
  2. *Significant at 0.05 level
  3. #These variables were measured during the preceding period to avoid reverse causality bias in estimates of associations
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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