A comparative study of chest CT findings regarding the effects of regional dust exposure on patients with COPD living in urban areas and rural areas near cement plants

Table 3 Comparison of lung function and CT-measurement adjusted for COPD medication and biomass exposure

	Model 1			Model 2
	CODA	KOLD		CODA	KOLD
	LSMean ± SE	LSMean ± SE	P	LSMean ± SE	LSMean ± SE	P
CAT score	23.60 ± 2.77	11.30 ± 2.44	< .0001
Pulmonary function test
Pre-bronchodilator FEV1 (L)	1.56 ± 0.12	1.27 ± 0.09	0.071
Pre-bronchodilator FVC (L)	2.63 ± 0.19	2.84 ± 0.14	0.368
Post-bronchodilator FEV1 (L)	1.68 ± 0.12	1.41 ± 0.09	0.087
Post-bronchodilator FVC (L)	2.92 ± 0.18	3.00 ± 0.13	0.730
Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC	0.57 ± 0.03	0.47 ± 0.02	0.003
BDR, bronchodilator response	10.80 ± 2.99	12.40 ± 2.19	0.683
CT measurement
Mean wall area (%)	70.30 ± 1.29	67.90 ± 0.95	0.130	70.30 ± 1.25	67.10 ± 0.92	0.041
Emphysema index	6.24 ± 3.16	20.0 ± 2.32	0.001	6.14 ± 2.99	17.60 ± 2.22	0.002
Emphysema index, log-transformed/exponential	4.54 ± 1.29	15.22 ± 1.21	< .001	4.51 ± 1.28	13.20 ± 1.20	0.001
The ratio of mean lung density (expiration/inspiration)	0.95 ± 0.01	0.94 ± 0.01	0.372	0.95 ± 0.01	0.93 ± 0.01	0.088

Model1: adjusted for age, gender, education, BMI, smoking status, pack-year, CCI, exacerbation, COPD medication, and biomass exposure
Model2: adjusted for Model1 plus post-bronchodilator FEV1 (L)
CAT COPD assessment test, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC forced vital capacity, LSMean least-squared mean, SE standard error
^†LSMeans (SE) for log-transformed lung function and CT measurements were assessed by the generalized linear mixed model

ISSN: 1465-993X