Table 3 Baseline characteristics of longitudinal clinical control patterns

Demographics and clinical data

Male, n (%)

117 (87.3)

336 (80.6)

209 (84.3)

Age (years), m (SD)

63.2 (9.7)^a,b

64.9 (10.9)

68.5 (9.9)

Pack-years, m (SD)

53.5 (26.1)

54.6 (28.4)

60.8 (30.2)^c

Active smoker, n (%)

48 (35.8)

115 (27.6)

66 (26.6)

BMI (kg/m²), m (SD)

27.1 (4.6)

28.0 (4.8)

28.5 (5.6)

Chronic bronchitis, n (%)

71 (53.0)^d

233 (55.9)

162 (65.3)

Dark sputum, n (%)

15 (11.2)^d

54 (12.9)

53 (21.4)^c

Bronquial asthma, n (%)

5 (3.7)

9 (2.2)

12 (4.8)

Eosinophils (%), median (P25-P75)

2.6 (1.6–3.9)^d

2.4 (1.6–3.6)

2.1 (1.3–3.3)^c

Charlson index, m (SD)

1.2 (1.6)

1.0 (1.4)

1.5 (1.6)^e

Physiology

FEV1 (L),

median (P25-P75)

2050 (1467–2505)^b

1600 (1190–2050)^a

1360 (940–1730)£

FEV1%pred,

median (P25-P75)

72 (55–88)^b

60 (46–74)^a

51 (39–63)£

FVC (L),

median (P25-P75)

3585 (2847–4380)^b

3100 (2450- 3710)^a

2745 (2197–3227)^e

FVC %pred,

median (P25-P75)

94 (80–110)^b

84 (71–101)^a

75 (63–90)^e

FEV1/FVC,

median (P25-P75)

58 (49–65)^b

54 (44–63)^f

51 (41–60)^c

K_CO%, median (P25-P75)

79.5 (62.5–99.7)^b

72.6 (52.2–92.8)^f

66 (41–85.2)^c

Treatment

Triple therapy, n (%)

50 (37.3)^b

226 (54.2)^f

178 (71.8)^e

Influenza vaccine, n (%)

50 (37.3)^b

213 (51.1)^f

167 (67.3)^c

LTOT, n (%)

3 (2.2)^b

37 (8.9)

64 (25.8)^e

VMNI, n (%)

5 (3.7)^b

12 (2.9)

24 (9.7)^c

CAT score, median (P25-P75)

8 (5–14.2)^b,f

11 (7–16)

14 (9–21)^e

HDAS anxiety score, median (P25-P75)

11 (6–15)

12 (8–15)

12 (8–15)

HDAS depression score, median (P25-P75)

8.0 (4.6)

8.5 (4.5)

9.3 (4.9)

Follow-up time (years), m (SD)

2.4 (1.7) ^d

4.2 (1.2)^a

1.8 (1.3)^e