Table 1 Patient characteristics

Age (years)

69.6 (10.7)

69.6 (10.2)

69.6 (9.4)

66.8 (8.7)

69.4 (10.0)

Gender

 Female

1,200 (47.4%)

2,300 (41.9%)

1,050 (37.5%)

201 (26.9%)

4,751 (41.0%)

 Male

1,334 (52.6%)

3,195 (58.1%)

1,752 (62.5%)

545 (73.1%)

6,826 (59.0%)

BMI

29.5 (5.6)

29.5 (6.0)

28.1 (6.1)

26.3 (5.9)

28.9 (6.0)

Smoking status^a

 Never smoker during DMP

2,207 (87.1%)

4,561 (83.0%)

2,192 (78.2%)

515 (69.0%)

9,475 (81.8%)

 Active

156 (6.2%)

433 (7.9%)

290 (10.3%)

100 (13.4%)

979 (8.5%)

 Ex-smoker

171 (6.7%)

501 (9.1%)

320 (11.4%)

131 (17.6%)

1,123 (9.7%)

Income (EUR)

13,220.4 (12,181.7)

12,723.4 (11,942.6)

13,903.2 (11,1739.9)

11,230.4 (10,924.2)

13,021.6 (55,941.3)

Elixhauser index

5.3 (2.9)

5.5 (3.0)

5.4 (3.0)

5.1 (2.9)

5.4 (3.0)

Hospital days

5.4 (15.8)

5.9 (14.9)

8.1 (17.4)

10.2 (17.7)

6.6 (16.0)

FEV1% predicted

89.6 (6.0)

65.0 (8.4)

41.0 (5.6)

23.8 (4.8)

61.9 (20.6)

Medium exacerbations

0.5 (1.8)

0.6 (1.8)

0.8 (2.0)

1.0 (2.1)

0.7 (1.9)

Severe exacerbations

0.1 (0.8)

0.2 (1.1)

0.4 (1.5)

0.8 (2.0)

0.3 (1.2)

Emphysema

 No

2,297 (90.6%)

4,738 (86.2%)

2,052 (73.2%)

426 (57.1%)

9,513 (82.2%)

 Yes

237 (9.4%)

757 (13.8%)

750 (26.8%)

320 (42.9%)

2,064 (17.8%)

DDD of corticosteroids

20.9 (70.2)

27.1 (82.5)

57.3 (124.7)

98.8 (170.6)

37.7 (101.9)

EQ-5D-5L VAS

58.3 (20.9)

57.6 (20.8)

52.0 (20.8)

44.7 (20.4)

55.6 (21.1)

CAT

18.5 (8.3)

19.3 (8.3)

21.6 (8.4)

23.6 (8.4)

19.9 (8.4)