Table 2 Demographic and sleep characteristics of all participants stratified by total sleep duration categories

 Men,n(%)

441 (81.97)

1457 (82.93)

1387 (81.11)

676 (80.38)

471 (78.37)

 Age (years)

42.88 ± 11.53

42.18 ± 11.50

42.24 ± 11.59

43.02 ± 12.03

44.11 ± 13.05

 Neck circumference (cm)

39.91 ± 3.92

39.47 ± 3.52

39.35 ± 3.77

39.18 ± 3.70

38.78 ± 3.65

 Waist circumference (cm)

97.78 ± 12.15

96.09 ± 10.50

95.31 ± 11.16

94.86 ± 11.48

93.27 ± 11.20

 Hip circumference (cm)

102.63 ± 8.28

101.57 ± 7.77

101.26 ± 8.05

100.77 ± 8.01

99.83 ± 7.51

 Waist hip ration

0.95 ± 0.07

0.95 ± 0.22

0.94 ± 0.22

0.94 ± 0.07

0.93 ± 0.07

 BMI (kg/m²)

27.44 ± 4.37

26.89 ± 3.91

26.69 ± 4.04

26.42 ± 3.88

25.99 ± 3.80

 Hypertension, n (%)

154 (28.62)

459 (26.12)

431 (25.20)

199 (23.66)

153 (25.46)

 SBP (mmHg)

127.84 ± 15.31

127.36 ± 15.86

125.46 ± 15.38

126.24 ± 15.76

125.57 ± 15.91

 DBP (mmHg)

82.90 ± 11.81

81.96 ± 11.68

80.77 ± 11.66

81.07 ± 11.57

80.09 ± 11.01

 Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

54 (10.04)

158 (8.99)

132 (7.72)

61 (7.25)

42 (6.99)

 Hyperlipidemia,n (%)

421 (78.25)

1410 (80.25)

1304 (76.26)

641 (76.22)

451 (75.04)

 Smoking, n (%)

250 (46.47)

765 (43.54)

697 (40.76)

314 (37.34)

178 (29.62)

 Alcohol consumption, n(%)

69 (12.83)

181 (10.30)

203 (11.87)

80 (9.51)

43 (7.15)

 Fasting glucose (mmol/l)

5.67 ± 1.38

5.57 ± 1.30

5.47 ± 1.22

5.48 ± 1.22

5.40 ± 1.15

 Fasting insulin (μU/ml)

10.93 (7.74,16.52)

11.20 (7.59,16.22)

10.89 (7.13,16.26)

11.11 (7.04,16.90)

10.47 (6.96,15.61)

 HOMA-IR

2.57 (1.78,4.19)

2.65 (1.73,4.17)

2.56 (1.60,4.03)

2.63 (1.59,4.14)

2.50 (1.55,3.94)

 Cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.85 ± 0.94

4.80 ± 1.02

4.75 ± 0.96

4.81 ± 1.02

4.81 ± 1.12

 Triglyceride (mmol/l)

2.17 ± 2.03

2.11 ± 1.88

2.01 ± 1.80

2.03 ± 1.83

1.91 ± 1.46

 High density lipoprotein (mmol/l)

1.04 ± 0.23

1.04 ± 0.24

1.07 ± 0.25

1.10 ± 0.26

1.12 ± 0.30

 Low density lipoprotein (mmol/l)

2.95 ± 0.76

2.97 ± 0.82

2.99 ± 0.82

3.03 ± 0.83

3.07 ± 0.97

 ApolipoproteinA-1(g/l)

1.06 ± 0.18

1.05 ± 0.18

1.08 ± 0.20

1.09 ± 0.21

1.10 ± 0.21

 Apolipoprotein-B (g/l)

0.88 ± 0.21

0.88 ± 0.21

0.85 ± 0.20

0.85 ± 0.20

0.85 ± 0.22

 Apolipoprotein-E (mg/dl)

4.76 ± 2.14

4.72 ± 2.56

4.61 ± 1.96

4.75 ± 2.10

4.61 ± 1.70

 Lipoprotein-α (mg/dl)

13.78 ± 15.85

12.59 ± 15.06

11.99 ± 13.93

12.52 ± 14.71

13.50 ± 16.72

 ESS

9.01 ± 5.70

8.97 ± 5.96

8.55 ± 5.83

7.97 ± 5.76

7.73 ± 5.74

 ESS > 10, n(%)

203 (37.73)

670 (38.13)

629 (36.78)

259 (30.80)

179 (29.78)

 Total sleep duration, min

501.31 ± 17.48

447.95 ± 16.64

394.27 ± 17.51

333.97 ± 16.91

235.34 ± 58.19

 Total time in bed, min

547.02 ± 71.76

512.54 ± 89.05

480.98 ± 83.65

472.24 ± 99.31

445.39 ± 124.62

 Sleep efficiency,%

0.92 ± 0.07

0.89 ± 0.09

0.84 ± 0.11

0.73 ± 0.12

0.56 ± 0.18

 S1(% TST)

16.08 ± 12.44

16.50 ± 13.11

17.04 ± 13.70

20.47 ± 13.99

22.70 ± 16.36

 S2(% TST)

53.30 ± 16.15

50.09 ± 19.99

47.61 ± 20.75

48.46 ± 17.41

46.74 ± 19.14

 S3(% TST)

15.24 ± 11.36

13.42 ± 10.52

12.70 ± 10.64

13.69 ± 10.80

13.17 ± 12.04

 REM(% TST)

12.23 ± 6.49

10.89 ± 6.56

10.60 ± 6.76

10.15 ± 6.35

9.38 ± 7.42

 AHI (events/h)

40.93 ± 27.23

37.10 ± 27.51

34.97 ± 27.60

31.08 ± 27.10

28.66 ± 26.16

 Lowest-SpO₂,%

74.05 ± 13.93

75.96 ± 14.47

77.81 ± 13.97

79.87 ± 14.58

81.65 ± 15.00

 ODI

41.40 ± 29.11

37.32 ± 28.60

35.17 ± 28.66

32.76 ± 28.96

31.33 ± 28.31

 Mean SaO₂

93.11 ± 3.93

93.62 ± 3.55

93.83 ± 3.68

94.34 ± 2.94

94.60 ± 2.71

 OSA, n (%)

466 (86.62)

1493 (84.97)

1411 (82.51)

680 (80.86)

457 (76.04)

 Mild OSA, n (%)

57 (10.59)

262 (14.90)

284 (16.61)

163 (19.38)

112 (18.64)

 Moderate OSA, n (%)

80 (14.87)

268 (15.25)

273 (15.96)

164 (19.50)

106 (17.64)

 Severe OSA, n (%)

329 (61.15)

963 (54.81)

854 (49.94)

353 (41.97)

239 (39.77)

 MAI

31.44 ± 21.41

28.78 ± 21.37

29.24 ± 22.57

28.86 ± 22.19

27.70 ± 20.03