Risk factors for exacerbations and pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pooled analysis

Table 2 Summary of demographic characteristics in the current meta-analysis

Study	ICS-treated patients (N = 6292)	Non-ICS treated patients (N = 4654)	Total (N = 10,946)
Sex, n (%)
Female	2157 (34)	1425 (31)	3582 (33)
Male	4135 (66)	3229 (69)	7364 (67)
Mean age, years (SD)^a	64.5 (8.80)	64.8 (8.56)	64.7 (8.70)
Age group, n (%)^a
≤ 64years	2945 (47)	2114 (45)	5059 (46)
≥65 years	3347 (53)	2540 (55)	5887 (54)
BMI subgroup, n (%)
<25 kg/m²	2848 (45)^†	2217 (48)^‡	5065 (46)^§
≥25 kg/m²	3442 (55)^†	2435 (52)^‡	5877 (54)^§
History of smoking, n (%)
Current smoker	2720 (43)**	1991 (43)	4711 (43)^††
Former smoker	3571 (57)**	2663 (57)	6234 (57)^††

BMI body mass index, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, SD standard deviation
^aAge was imputed when full date of birth was not provided, ^†N = 6290, ^‡N = 4652, ^§N = 10,942, **N = 6291, ^††N = 10,945

ISSN: 1465-993X