Table 4 Univariate comparisons of the clinical characteristics of hospital survivors and non-survivors
Characteristics | Survivors (n = 28) | Non-survivors (n = 23) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 48.0 (34.5–59.0) | 64.0 (50.5–69.0) | 0.007 |
Sex, male | 17 (60.7) | 18 (78.3) | 0.298 |
Underlying disease | Â | Â | 0.589 |
 Malignancy | 13 (46.4) | 15 (65.2) |  |
 Solid organ transplant | 12 (42.9) | 6 (26.1) |  |
 Others | 3 (10.7) | 2 (8.7) |  |
Immunosuppressive agent use, previous month | Â | Â | 0.548 |
 Steroid only | 9 (32.1) | 9 (39.1) |  |
 Chemotherapy only | 4 (14.3) | 1 (4.3) |  |
 Steroid with chemotherapy | 15 (53.6) | 13 (56.5) |  |
Pneumocystis prophylaxis | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.7) | 0.386 |
 Chest radiography findings | |||
  Pleural effusion | 8 (28.6) | 3 (13.0) | 0.305 |
 Radiographic pulmonary patterns |  |  | 1.000 |
   Focal or diffuse alveolar pattern | 13 (46.4) | 11 (47.8) |  |
   Focal or diffuse interstitial pattern | 3 (10.7) | 2 (8.7) |  |
   Focal or diffuse alveolar-interstitial pattern | 12 (42.9) | 10 (43.5) |  |
Laboratory findings on ICU admission | 9215.0 (5320.0–12,225.0) | 6980.0 (5245.0–12,535.0) | 0.757 |
 WBC blood cells, /μL | 5591.0 (2880.0–10,395.0) | 5458.0 (4235.0–10,960.0) | 0.670 |
 Neutrophils, /μL | 648.0 (389.5–1278.0) | 560.0 (278.0–724.5) | 0.244 |
 Lymphocytes, /μL | 8.7 (4.0–16.0) | 11.9 (5.1–28.8) | 0.232 |
 Albumin, g/dL | 2.9 (2.5–3.6) | 2.8 (2.4–3.0) | 0.136 |
 CRP, mg/dL | 11.8 (8.4–19.1) | 15.0 (7.4–21.8) | 0.570 |
 PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mmHg | 147.0 (102.3–170.5) | 131.2 (116.8–160.6) | 0.619 |
 D(A-a)O2, mmHg | 38.5 (30.6–51.5) | 41.6 (31.1–54.0) | 0.771 |
Organ failure on ICU admission | |||
 Shock | 7 (25.0) | 5 (21.7) | 1.000 |
 Renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.3) | 0.921 |
Respiratory support on ICU admission day | Â | Â | 0.016 |
 Mechanical ventilation | 20 (71.4) | 23 (100.0) |  |
 High-flow nasal cannula | 8 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) |  |
Severity of illness | |||
 SAPS3 | 43.0 (30.5–54.5) | 56.0 (46.5–58.0) | 0.030 |
 SOFA | 6.0 (4.5–7.5) | 6.0 (5.0–8.5) | 0.445 |
Other pathogens identified from respiratory specimens | |||
 Cytomegalovirus | 3 (10.7) | 10 (43.5) | 0.011 |
 Virus other than cytomegalovirus | 4 (14.3) | 3 (13.0) | 1.000 |
 Bacteria | 3 (10.7) | 7 (30.4) | 0.078 |
Time to anti-PCP treatment, hours | 64.5 (32.5–103.3) | 46.2 (26.6–91.7) | 0.447 |
Empiric treatment | 16 (57.1) | 15 (65.2) | 0.765 |
Failure to initial treatment | 6 (21.4) | 16 (69.6) | 0.002 |