Association of time-to-treatment with outcomes of Pneumocystis pneumonia with respiratory failure in HIV-negative patients

Table 2 Diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia and clinical outcomes

Variables	No. of patients (%) or median (IQR)
Microbiological diagnosis
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid	39 (76.5)
Lung biopsy specimen^a	12 (23.5)
Time to anti-PCP treatment, hours	58.0 (28.0–97.8)
Empiric treatment	31 (60.8)
Other pathogens identified from respiratory specimens
Cytomegalovirus	13 (25.5)
Virus other than cytomegalovirus^b	7 (13.7)
Bacteria	11 (21.6)
MRSA	5
Acinetobacter	4
Pseudomonas	2
Initial treatment regimen
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	51 (100.0)
Adjunctive corticosteroid treatment	50 (98.0)
Failure to initial treatment	22 (43.1)

No. number, IQR interquartile range, PCP Pneumocystis pneumonia, MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
^a7 patients had positive results for the presence of P.jirovecii in both BAL fluid and biopsy specimens
^bViruses other than cytomegalovirus included rhinovirus (n = 3), coronavirus (n = 2), and rhinovirus (n = 2)

ISSN: 1465-993X