Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) referred to PR and consented for the study, divided into those who did and did not complete PR
From: Pulmonary rehabilitation, physical activity and aortic stiffness in COPD
Subjects Demographics | Total population (102) | Completed PR (54) | Not completed (48) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 71.31 ± 9.06 | 72.71 ± 8.48 | 69.71 ± 9.54 | 0.10 |
 Male | 59 (58%) | 34 (63%) | 25 (52%) | 0.27 |
 Female | 43 (42%) | 20 (37%) | 23 (48%) | |
 Active smoker | 30 (29%) | 12 (22%) | 18 (37%) | 0.09 |
 Ex-smokers | 72 (71%) | 42 (78%) | 30 (63%) | |
 Smoking history (pack-years) | 45 (27–63) | 47 (23–60) | 44 (31–66) | 0.49 |
Body composition | ||||
 Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 26.70 ± 6.09 | 26.47 ± 6.13 | 26.99 ± 6.10 | 0.67 |
Pulmonary function | ||||
 FEV1 (L) | 1.26 ± .41 | 1.23 ± 0.41 | 1.51 ± 0.58 | 0.01 |
 FEV1 (% predicted) | 50.69 ± 16.29 | 50.47 ± 17.55 | 60.29 ± 19.39 | 0.01 |
 FEV1/FVC % | 47.51 ± 11.88 | 49.20 ± 12.28 | 58.07 ± 10.93 | < 0.01 |
Haemodynamic | ||||
 Aortic pulse wave velocity (m/s) | 10.84 ± 2.29 | 11.34 ± 2.33 | 10.05 ± 2.03 | 0.01 |
 Systolic pressure (mmHg) | 138.75 ± 18.33 | 139.91 ± 19.04 | 137.29 ± 17.76 | 0.47 |
 Diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 80.15 ± 13.48 | 80.38 ± 14.13 | 79.98 ± 12.97 | 0.91 |
 Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 98.68 ± 15.94 | 100.19 ± 12.98 | 96.93 ± 18.85 | 0.31 |
 Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 77.70 ± 14.59 | 76.94 ± 16.91 | 78.73 ± 11.545 | 0.52 |
Functional outcomes (pre-PR) | ||||
 ISWT (m) | 254.32 ± 118.41 | 254.1 ± 116.6 | 254.6 ± 122.1 | 0.98 |
 mMRC grade | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.65 |
 CAT | 19.96 ± 8.06 | 18.72 ± 6.72 | 21.56 ± 8.78 | 0.08 |
 Anxiety scores (HADS) | 5 (2–7) | 5 (2–7) | 6 (3–11) | 0.06 |
 Depression scores (HADS) | 5 (2–6) | 5 (2–6) | 6 (4–8) | 0.06 |
CV risks determinants | ||||
 Diabetes | Yes: 18 (18%) | Yes: 7 (13%) | Yes: 9 (19%) | 0.37 |
 Hypertension | Yes: 54 (54%) | Yes: 29 (46%) | Yes: 25 (52%) | 0.56 |
 Hyperlipidaemia | Yes: 44 (43%) | Yes: 24 (44%) | Yes: 20 (42%) | 0.78 |
 Ischemic heart disease | Yes: 5 (5%) | Yes: 1 (2%) | Yes: 4 (8%) | a |
 Myocardial infarction | Yes: 4 (4%) | Yes: 3 (6%) | Yes: 1 (2%) | a |
 Peripheral arterial disease | Yes: 7 (7%) | Yes: 4 (7%) | Yes: 3 (6%) | a |
 Heart failure | Yes: 7 (7%) | Yes: 2 (4%) | Yes: 5 (10%) | a |
 Atrial fibrillation | Yes: 13 (12%) | Yes: 9 (17%) | Yes: 4 (8%) | a |
 Stroke | Yes: 10 (10%) | Yes: 3 (6%) | Yes: 7 (15%) | a |