Fig. 1

Study design. A retrospective review of clinical records identified 50,394 patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia from April 2008 to October 2017. Of these, 1789 patients had interstitial pneumonia (IP). In total, 1345 patients were excluded because they had not undergone HRCT (n = 422), did not have IP confirmed on HRCT of the chest (n = 907), were lung transplant recipients (n = 5), or underwent further surgery within 30 days of the previous surgery (n = 13), leaving data for 442 patients available for inclusion in the study. One hundred and fifty-one patients underwent pulmonary surgery and 291 underwent non-pulmonary surgery with IP