Table 4 Risk of Bias Assessment for Included Randomized Clinical Trials
Source | Bias | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selection | Performance: Blinding of Participant and Personnel | Detection: Blinding of Outcome Assessment | Attrition: Incomplete Outcome Data | Selective Reporting | Other Sources | Overall | ||
Random Sequence Generation | Allocation Concealment | |||||||
Bottino 2018 [20] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | High risk | Low risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Klotz 2017 [16] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | High risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Lou 2017 [21] | Low risk | Unclear risk | High risk | High risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Lou 2018 [22] | Low risk | Unclear risk | High risk | High risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Malakian 2018 [23] | Low risk | Unclear risk | High risk | High risk | High risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Mukerji 2017 [24] | Low risk | Low risk | High risk | High risk | High risk | High risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
Zhu 2017 [25] | Low risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Moderate risk |
Zhu 2017 [26] | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Moderate risk |