|
Demographics data
|
|
Age(years), M ± SD
|
57.1 ± 13.7
|
57.1 ± 13.8
|
57.0 ± 13.6
|
0.952
|
|
Sex m/f (% male)
|
138(68.0%)
|
95(67.9%)
|
43(68.3%)
|
0.955
|
|
Current smoking n (%)
|
74(36.5%)
|
54(38.6%)
|
20(31.7%)
|
0.431
|
|
Alcohol abuse n (%)
|
67(33.0%)
|
50(35.7%)
|
17(27.0%)
|
0.260
|
|
Antibiotic therapy within the 3 months n (%)
|
42(20.4%)
|
34(24.3%)
|
8(12.7%)
|
0.064
|
|
History of operation within the 3 months n (%)
|
16(7.9%)
|
13(9.3%)
|
3(4.8%)
|
0.400
|
|
History of pneumonia within the 3 months n (%)
|
18(8.9%)
|
14(10.0%)
|
4(6.3%)
|
0.594
|
|
Co-morbidity
|
|
aChronic respiratory disease n (%)
|
16(7.9%)
|
12(8.6%)
|
4(6.3%)
|
0.780
|
|
bChronic cardiovascular disease n (%)
|
11 (5,.4%)
|
7 (5.0%)
|
4 (6.3%)
|
0.742
|
|
cChronic renal disease n (%)
|
8 (4.0%)
|
5 (3.6%)
|
3 (4.8%)
|
0.706
|
|
Diabetes mellitus n (%)
|
31 (15.3%)
|
21 (15.0%)
|
10 (15.9%)
|
0.827
|
|
dNeurological disease n (%)
|
17 (8.4%)
|
10 (11.1%)
|
7 (11.1%)
|
0.414
|
|
Etiology of cirrhosis
|
|
Virus n (%)
|
108 (53.2%)
|
73 (52.1%)
|
35 (55.6%)
|
0.852
|
|
Alcohol n (%)
|
33 (16.3%)
|
24 (17.3%)
|
9 (14.3%)
|
|
Others n (%)
|
72 (35.5%)
|
49 (35.0%)
|
23 (36.5%)
|
|
Complications of cirrhosis
|
|
Ascites n (%),
|
159 (78.3%)
|
102 (72.9%)
|
57 (90.5%)
|
0.005
|
|
Variceal bleeding n (%)
|
57 (28.1%)
|
36 (25.7%)
|
21 (33.3%)
|
0.312
|
|
SBP n (%)
|
29 (14.3%)
|
17 (12.1%)
|
12 (19.0%)
|
0.200
|
|
Hepatorenal syndrome n (%)
|
27 (13.3%)
|
8 (5.7%)
|
19 (30.2%)
|
<0.001
|
|
HE grade III/IV n (%)
|
11 (5.4%)
|
1 (0.7%)
|
10 (15.9%)
|
<0.001
|
|
Laboratory and radiographic findings
|
|
WBC 109 cells/L (IQR)
|
9.2 (5.4–14.0)
|
8.1 (4.7–11.9)
|
13.8 (8.6–21.6)
|
<0.001
|
|
Platelet count, 109 platelets/L(IQR)
|
60.0 (32.0–93.0)
|
69.5 (41.3–103.0)
|
43.0 (21.0–68.0)
|
<0.001
|
|
C-reactive protein level, mg/dL (IQR)
|
27.9 (12.3–66.8)
|
27.0 (10.6–66.3)
|
28.7 (15.6–68.8)
|
0.314
|
|
Creatinine, μmol/L (IQR)
|
76 (59.0–120.0)
|
68.0 (55.0–90.8)
|
118 (76.0–212.0)
|
<0.001
|
|
Albumin, g/dL (M ± SD)
|
25.7 ± 4.9
|
26.0 ± 5.0
|
25.0 ± 4.8
|
0.180
|
|
Total Bilirubin, mg/dL (IQR)
|
63.5 (24.8–239.8)
|
38.0 (21.3–104.0)
|
273 (71.2–479.5)
|
<0.001
|
|
INR (IQR)
|
1.54 (1.27–2.23)
|
1.36 (1.20–1.70)
|
2.62 (1.93–3.38)
|
<0.001
|
|
Multilobar infiltration n (%)
|
155 (77.5%)
|
102 (72.9%)
|
53 (88.3%)
|
0.017
|
|
Pleural effusion n (%)
|
153 (76.1%)
|
102 (72.9%)
|
51 (83.6%)
|
0.109
|
|
Bacteremia n (%)
|
14 (6.9%)
|
5 (3.6%)
|
9 (14.3%)
|
0.013
|
|
SIRS n (%)
|
121 (59.6%)
|
71 (50.7%)
|
50 (79.4%)
|
<0.001
|
|
Appropriate empirical antibiotic use n (%)
|
111 (54.7%)
|
101 (72.1%)
|
10 (15.9%)
|
<0.001
|
|
ICU addmission n (%)
|
32 (15.8%)
|
11 (7.9%)
|
21 (33.3%)
|
<0.001
|
|
Severity score
|
|
PSI score (IQR)
|
107 (88–140)
|
99 (87–115)
|
164 (124–196)
|
<0.001
|
|
MELD (M ± SD)
|
17.6 ± 12.6
|
12.2 ± 8.7
|
29.7 ± 11.3
|
<0.001
|
|
MELD-Na (M ± SD)
|
21.4 ± 18.8
|
15.5 ± 11.6
|
34.5 ± 15.0
|
<0.001
|
|
Child-Pugh C grade, n (%)
|
84 (41.4%)
|
36 (25.7%)
|
48 (76.2%)
|
<0.001
|
|
qSOFA (IQR)
|
0 (0–1)
|
0 (0–1)
|
1 (1–2)
|
<0.001
|
|
CLIF-SOFA (M ± SD)
|
7.4 ± 4.3
|
5.4 ± 2.9
|
11.5 ± 3.9
|
<0.001
|
