Table 3 Deterministic sensitivity analyses

Time horizon

3 years

1,5 and 10 years and lifetime (25 years) time horizons

Discount rate

3%

0% and 5%

Patient population and utility estimation

Equation developed in the previous cost-effectiveness analysis [26], based on an observational Spanish study [39]

Base case population with utilities estimated from GALAXY utility algorithm

ITT study population with utilities estimated from GALAXY utility algorithm

ITT study population with utilities estimated from GALAXY utility algorithm over a lifetime horizon

FEV₁ treatment effect

UMEC/VI 180 mL, TIO/OLO 128 mL (incremental FEV₁ treatment effect of 52 mL (favoring UMEC/VI)

Equal FEV₁ treatment effect (128 mL) for UMEC/VI and TIO/OLO

Incremental FEV₁ treatment effect with UMEC/VI equal to the upper (+ 77 mL) and lower (+ 28 mL) 95% CI

Treatment discontinuation

8.7%

50% for year 1 (from population-based, retrospective, observational study in Catalonia [55]) and 8.7% (from the UPLIFT trial [41]) for subsequent years

Subsequent treatment

SAL/FP 50/500 mcg, two inhalations per day + TIO 18 mcg

Patients on UMEC/VI add FP 500 mcg, two inhalations per day; patients on TIO/OLO escalate to SAL/FP 500/50 mcg, two inhalations per day + TIO 18 mcg, one inhalation per day^a

Costing for dyspnea^b

€524.87/year; €699.98/year;

€925.85/year

Cost of level of dyspnea ±20%

Costing for exacerbations^b

Moderate €72.76^c; severe €4466.09^d

Cost of exacerbations ±20%