Fig. 10

Percentage of NEBs with cells in their ME that have divided during the 48 h experimental window. In the untreated controls (n = 5), less than 10% of the NEB MEs harbor divided cells. Interestingly, both the percentage of NEBs with BrdU-positive cells (about 23%) and the number of divided cells per NEB ME is higher in sham-treated mice (n = 10) than in untreated control mice. After LPS instillation (n = 10), however, about 72% of the NEBs show divided cells in their ME. The green part of the pie charts represents the percentage of NEBs with BrdU-positive cells, and is further subdivided based on the number of BrdU-labeled cells per NEB. The data in the framed areas represent the percentages of NEBs with one or two, three to eight, or nine and more BrdU-positive cells. The mean number of BrdU-positive cells is significantly different (Dunn’s multiple comparisons test) between the untreated control and the LPS-treated group (****, p < 0.0001) and between the sham- and LPS-treated group (**, p < 0.01)