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Table 2 Relationship between serum bilirubin and lung function according to smoking status

From: Association of serum bilirubin level with lung function decline: a Korean community-based cohort study

Lung function parameters

Bilirubin (Quintiles)

Bilirubin (Continuous)

Quintile I

Quintile 2

Quintile 3

Quintile 4

Quintile 5

P for Trend

ß ± SE

P-value

FEV1, L

 Continuous smoker

3.02 ± 0.62

3.17 ± 0.66

3.3 ± 0.62

3.44 ± 0.57

3.44 ± 0.6

0.048

0.09 ± 0.05

0.061

 Former smoker

3.04 ± 0.69

3.21 ± 0.71

3.33 ± 0.64

3.43 ± 0.62

3.48 ± 0.61

0.193

0.02 ± 0.05

0.619

 Never smoker

2.5 ± 0.51

2.57 ± 0.53

2.67 ± 0.55

2.77 ± 0.59

2.95 ± 0.64

< 0.001

0.10 ± 0.03

< 0.001

FVC, L

 Continuous smoker

3.95 ± 0.83

4.19 ± 0.79

4.3 ± 0.72

4.37 ± 0.68

4.38 ± 0.67

0.262

0.04 ± 0.06

0.441

 Former smoker

3.94 ± 0.75

4.08 ± 0.79

4.21 ± 0.69

4.37 ± 0.69

4.32 ± 0.64

0.454

−0.02 ± 0.06

0.772

 Never smoker

3.08 ± 0.6

3.16 ± 0.64

3.31 ± 0.98

3.39 ± 0.73

3.61 ± 0.79

0.018

0.10 ± 0.04

0.012

FEV1/FVC, %

 Continuous smoker

77.11 ± 7.71

76.42 ± 8.51

77.39 ± 7.63

78.54 ± 7.97

79.35 ± 7.48

0.205

1.02 ± 0.64

0.109

 Former smoker

76.98 ± 9.09

77.85 ± 8.49

78.26 ± 8.01

78.88 ± 6.54

79.6 ± 7.27

0.516

0.52 ± 0.65

0.423

 Never smoker

81.36 ± 6.68

81.62 ± 6.39

81.53 ± 6.37

81.99 ± 6.28

81.96 ± 6.16

0.027

0.76 ± 0.41

0.061

FEF25–75%, L/s

 Continuous smoker

2.88 ± 1.15

2.98 ± 1.23

3.16 ± 1.21

3.43 ± 1.34

3.97 ± 8.54

0.063

0.53 ± 0.39

0.176

 Former smoker

2.83 ± 1.14

3.05 ± 1.18

3.26 ± 1.3

3.4 ± 1.19

3.53 ± 1.27

0.267

0.06 ± 0.10

0.534

 Never smoker

2.77 ± 0.97

2.85 ± 0.91

2.97 ± 0.95

3.1 ± 1.02

3.28 ± 1.06

< 0.001

0.18 ± 0.06

0.001

  1. Notes: Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Bilirubin was analyzed across quintiles and as a continuous variable
  2. P-value for linear trend analysis adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index
  3. Abbreviations: SE standard error, FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, FEF 25–75% forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity