Assessing the healthcare resource use associated with inappropriate prescribing of inhaled corticosteroids for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in GOLD groups A or B: an observational study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

Table 2 Healthcare resource use during study follow-up

Outcome	Total		ICS versus non-ICS
	Total		Adjusted		Unadjusted
	ICS	Non-ICS	Relative rate (95% CI)	P value*	Relative rate (95% CI)	P value*
Short-acting therapy prescriptions	24,063	21,163	1.05 (0.97–1.14)	0.212	1.09 (1.01–1.18)	0.026
All-cause interactions
All HCP	72,802	69,136	1.07 (1.00–1.14)	0.061	1.05 (0.98–1.13)	0.156
GP	55,927	52,947	1.07 (1.00–1.14)	0.063	1.06 (0.98–1.13)	0.129
Outpatient	13,497	12,989	1.01 (0.94–1.08)	0.802	1.04 (0.93–1.16)	0.485
Hospital	3378	3200	1.05 (0.93–1.19)	0.434	1.06 (0.94–1.19)	0.377
Respiratory-related interactions
All HCP^a	20,555	19,543	1.04 (0.98–1.12)	0.209	1.05 (0.98–1.13)	0.154
Routine GP	16,391	15,409	1.05 (0.99–1.13)	0.127	1.06 (0.99–1.14)	0.078
Unplanned GP	2166	2085	1.04 (0.92–1.18)	0.506	1.04 (0.92–1.17)	0.530
Outpatient	247	234	1.04 (0.78–1.39)	0.809	1.06 (0.80–1.40)	0.705
Hospital	1751	1815	0.95 (0.83–1.09)	0.465	0.96 (0.84–1.10)	0.603

*Significant at α = 0.05; ^aGP + outpatient + hospital
CI confidence interval, GP general practitioner, HCP healthcare practitioner, ICS inhaled corticosteroid

ISSN: 1465-993X