Fig. 3
From: Regulation of alveolar macrophage death in acute lung inflammation
Trauma-induced mtDNA fragmentation regulates macrophage death. Trauma through CIRP-TLR4-MyD88 signaling induces NADPH oxidase activation and release of ROS, which activate endonuclease G. Endonuclease G directly fragments mtDNA, which triggers macrophage autophagy, as well as necroptosis by separate pathways. However, autophagy also suppresses macrophage necroptosis to limit local inflammation (This figure is adapted from the Ref. [96]. Adapted with permission)