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Fig. 5 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 5

From: Airway surface liquid from smokers promotes bacterial growth and biofilm formation via iron-lactoferrin imbalance

Fig. 5

Lactoferrin supplementation decreases bacterial growth and biofilm development in the human BAL from smokers. a Effect of coincubating smokers BAL with increasing concentrations of lactoferrin on S. aureus growth at 30 min. (***p = 0.0003 and ****p < 0.0001, compared to control by ANOVA). b Effect of coincubating BAL from smokers with lactoferrin (300 μg/mL) or control on P. aeruginosa growth at 6 h. (***p = 0.0002, by paired t-test). c Effect of supplementing increasing concentrations of lactoferrin with smokers BAL on S. aureus biofilm formation at 48 h. (*p = 0.0188, compared to control by ANOVA). d Effect of coincubating BAL from non-smokers with lactoferrin (300 μg/mL) or control on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation at 48 h. (**p = 0.0092, by paired t-test)

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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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