Table 3 Association of QoL and comorbidities
EQ-5D VAS | WHO-5 | SGRQ total | UCSD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | mean (SD) | Delta 95% CI p value | mean (SD) | Delta 95% CI p value | mean (SD) | Delta 95% CI p value | mean (SD) | Delta 95% CI p value | |
No comorbidity | 151 (20.5%) | 65.6 (20.0) | (ref) | 15.1 (5.6) | (ref) | 44.1 (22.0) | (ref) | 55.5 (21.7) | (ref) |
One comorbid disease | 196 (26.6%) | 61.5 (20.2) | −4.05 (−8.65; 0.56) 0.085 | 14.5 (6.3) | −0.60 (−1.98; 0.78) 0.393 | 46.1 (21.1) | 2.03 (−3.05; 7.11) 0.433 | 56.0 (21.6) | 3.79 (−4.39; 11.96) 0.363 |
Two comorbid diseases | 184 (25.0%) | 60.0 (19.1) | −5.54 (−10.09; −0.99) 0.017 | 14.4 (5.5) | −0.70 (−2.02; 0.63) 0.305 | 46.8 (19.4) | 2.78 (−2.18; 7.74) 0.271 | 55.8 (20.7) | 9.08 (0.62; 17.54) 0.036 |
Three comorbid diseases | 116 (15.7%) | 56.0 (17.9) | −9.53 (−14.51; −4.55) <0.001 | 12.5 (6.1) | −2.61 (−4.23; −0.99) 0.002 | 52.9 (19.5) | 8.80 (3.17; 14.44) 0.002 | 60.9 (21.7) | 19.73 (10.59; 28.87) <0.001 |
≥Four comorbid diseases | 90 (12.2%) | 50.9 (18.3) | −14.66 (−20.18; −9.14) <0.001 | 10.6 (6.0) | −4.54 (−6.26; −2.82) <0.001 | 59.1 (16.7) | 15.03 (9.40; 20.65) <0.001 | 61.4 (19.5) | 31.36 (20.16; 42.57) <0.001 |
List of significant comorbidities | Left heart insufficiency, Coronary heart disease, Carotid stenosis/ Stroke, Atrial fibrillation, Pulmonary arterial embolism, Pulmonary hypertension, Arterial hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Emphysema, Lung cancer, Depression, Anxiety | Left heart insufficiency, Coronary heart disease, Carotid stenosis/ Stroke, Atrial fibrillation, Pulmonary arterial embolism, Pulmonary hypertension, Arterial hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Depression, Anxiety | Left heart insufficiency, Coronary heart disease, Carotid stenosis/ Stroke, Pulmonary hypertension, Lung cancer, Depression, Anxiety | Left heart insufficiency, Coronary heart disease, Carotid stenosis/ Stroke, Pulmonary hypertension, Lung cancer, Depression, Anxiety | |||||