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Fig. 3 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 3

From: Acute cigarette smoke exposure activates apoptotic and inflammatory programs but a second stimulus is required to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition in COPD epithelium

Fig. 3

Epithelial and mesenchymal marker expression in COPD lung. Lung tissue samples were analysed for epithelial marker gene expression (a) krt18 and (b) krt19 which were down regulated in patients with COPD whilst the mesenchymal markers (c) col1a1 and (d) vim were concomitantly upregulated. Immunohistochemical staining of COPD lung sections identified positive staining (brown) for (e) alpha-smooth muscle actin and (f) vimentin, which appeared to be localised to the epithelial layer as indicated by the arrows

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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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