Fig. 3

Activation of the UPS in skeletal muscle in response to pulmonary inflammation. Mice were intratracheally instilled with elastase and LPS or respective vc. At 24 h after LPS gastrocnemius muscle was collected for evaluation of mRNA abundance of (a) MuRF1, (b) Atrogin-1, (c) SMART and (d) FoXO1, normalized to GeNorm and expressed as fold change compared to control. Alternatively, protein levels of (f) phosphorylated FoXO1 (Thr24) and (g) total FoXO1 were assessed. h Representative western blots of indicated proteins. e Ratio of phosphorylated FoXO1 over total FoXO1. n = 8–12 per group. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001