Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the subgroups with and without diabetes

Gender (m/f)

1270/947(57/43%)

262/96 (73/27%)

p < 0.001*

208/69 (76/24%)

p < 0.001*

Age (y)

64.7 (±8.7)

67.0 (±7.6)

p < 0.001*

67.1 (±7.5)

p < 0.001*

BMI (kg/m²)

26.4 (±5.05)

30.5 (±5.8)

p < 0.001*

30.69 (±5.1)

p < 0.001*

Waist circumf. (cm)

97.7 (±15.1)

110.0 (±14.7)

p < 0.001*

111.1 (±14.3)

p < 0.001*

Packyears

46.8 (±34.8)

55.3 (±40.9)

p < 0.001*

55.4 (±40.5)

p < 0.001*

Hb (mg/dl)

14.66 (±1.38)

14.43 (±1.39)

p = 0.003*

14.46 (±1.32)

p = 0.032*

HbA1c (%)

5.76 (±0.47)

6.91 (±1.0)

p < 0.001*

7.03(±1.13)

p < 0.001*

Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.88 (±0.25)

0.96 (±0.29)

p < 0.001*

0.95 (±0.27)

p < 0.001*

FEV₁%pred

59.7 (±22.2)

59.8 (±21.2)

p = 0.906

59.6 (±20.0)

p = 0.973

FEV₁/FVC

54.8 (±13.6)

55.3 (±13.2)

p = 0.431

54.5 (±13.0)

p = 0.687

FVC%pred

78.6 (±19.1)

79.1 (±19.1)

p = 0.638

78.0 (±18.7)

p = 0.223

TLC%pred

112.9 (±30.4)

107.2 (±27.6)

p < 0.001*

106.3(±27.3)

p < 0.001*

RV%pred

150.1 (±47.2)

143.4 (±45.2)

p = 0.012*

142.4 (±43.5)

p ≤ 0.011*

ITGV%pred

146.6 (±36,8)

135.1 (±36.0)

p < 0.001*

134.5 (±35.3)

p < 0.001*

TLCO%pred

52.8 (±21.0)

57.1 (±19.6)

p < 0.001*

57.0 (±19.2)

p = 0.001*

KCO%pred

66.1 (±23.8)

75.6 (±23.4)

p < 0.001*

76.3 (±23.6)

p < 0.001*

GOLD 0/1/2/3/4

269/242/868/679/159 (12/11/39/31/7%)

68/33/133/103/21 (19/9/37/29/6%)

p = 0.010*

51/26/107/78/15 (18/9/39/28/5%)

p = 0.066

GOLD A/B/C/D

239/1198/32/735 (11/54/2/33%)

37/170/12/138 (10/48/3/39%)

p = 0.008*

32/130/10/104 (12/47/4/38%)

p = 0.017*