Table 3 Differences in Characteristics Between Ordinally-ranked Spirometrically-defined States at Baseline Examination Visit, Among ‘All Smokers’, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2001–2015, Lovelace Smokers’ Cohort
From: Spirometric variability in smokers: transitions in COPD diagnosis in a five-year longitudinal study
Characteristic | Smokers with normal spirometry (n = 956) | COPD GOLD stage I (n = 145) | GOLD Unclassified (n = 191) | COPD GOLD stage II+ (n = 261) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (in years) | 54.0 ± 9.1 | 61.0 ± 9.7 | 56.1 ± 8.4 | 61.0 ± 8.6 | <0.001 |
Men (%) | 18.1 % | 43.5 % | 18.9 % | 24.5 % | 0.001 |
Hispanic ethnicity (%) | 20.3 % | 8.3 % | 22.5 % | 6.5 % | <0.001 |
BMI (in kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 5.5 | 26.5 ± 5 | 31.2 ± 8.5 | 27.0 ± 6.1 | 0.86 |
Self-reported history of provider-diagnosed hypertension (%) | 27.9 % | 37.9 % | 48.4 % | 37.3 % | <0.001 |
Current smoking (%) | 54.0 % | 51.7 % | 64.4 % | 51.0 % | 0.75 |
Pack-years of smoking | 35.7 ± 17.8 | 47.4 ± 23 | 38.9 ± 19 | 50.4 ± 24.5 | <0.001 |
Diabetes (%) | 6.5 % | 5.5 % | 14.2 % | 5.4 % | 0.33 |
Postbronchodilator FVC (in liters) | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
Postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC (%) | 78.7 ± 4.5 | 65.4 ± 3.4 | 76.4 ± 4.4 | 56.4 ± 10.1 | <0.001 |
Postbronchodilator FVC percent predicted | 97.5 ± 10.7 | 106.9 ± 11.7 | 73.8 ± 9.4 | 83.3 ± 15.2 | <0.001 |
Postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC (%) | 78.7 ± 4.5 | 65.4 ± 3.4 | 76.4 ± 4.4 | 56.4 ± 10.1 | <0.001 |
Self-reported history of provider-diagnosed asthma | 13.7 % | 20 % | 23.2 % | 30.4 % | <0.001 |
Presence of significant bronchodilator reversibility (%) | 1.8 % | 9.7 % | 5.8 % | 13.8 % | <0.001 |
History of provider-diagnosed asthma + bronchodilator reversibility (%) | 0.2 % | 2.1 % | 3.1 % | 4.6 % | <0.001 |
Follow-up period (in years) | 5.1 ± 2.5 | 4.6 ± 2.3 | 5.0 ± 2.6 | 4.7 ± 2.5 | 0.03 |