Raw material | Â |
 | Manufacturer |
 | Source |
 | Production |
 | Quality control (characteristics) |
 | Toxicity studies in vitro, animals, humans |
Final product | Â |
 | Manufacturer/Pharmacist |
 | Pre-define the criteria the final product should meet |
 | Reconstitution protocols |
 | Sterilisation protocols |
 | Quality control (characteristics) |
 | Safety control |
 | Dosage/concentration analysis |
 | Contamination with relevant substances, e.g. endotoxion, heavy metals |
 | Shelf life |
 | Pharmacokinetics |
 | Toxicity studies in vitro, animals, humans |
Clinical data | Â |
 | Pharmacokinetics |
 | Subject characteristics |
 | Relevant literature |
Overall risk-benefit assessment | Â |
 | Administration route (reduce safety risks if possible) |
 | Mechanism of action (tissue specificity) |
 | Analysis of potential effect |
 | Manageability of potential effects |
 | Estimate the risk of side effects |
 | Pre-define how to manage potential effects |
 | Dosage (based on First-In-Man (FIM) guidelines based on the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) in non-clinical safety studies adjusted with allometric factors) |
 | Quantitative regular daily exposure |
 | Study design (e.g. dose-escalation or pilot study) |
 | Subject characteristics (medical history, age etc.) |
 | Appoint an independent data safety monitoring board |
 | Predefine safety endpoints (Table 6) |
 | Perform/report interim analyses on safety criteria during the study. |