Regulation of YKL-40 expression by corticosteroids: effect on pro-inflammatory macrophages in vitro and its modulation in COPD in vivo

Table 2 Patient characteristics of compliant patients at baseline of the GLUCOLD study

	ICS (n = 51)	Placebo (n = 24)
Gender (M/F) (n)	45/6	20/4
Age (yr)	61.7 (7.8)	59.4 (8.1)
Smoking (y/n) (n)	33/18	17/7
Packyears (yr)	48 (31–56)	42 (34–54)
Post-bronchodilator FEV₁ (% pred)	62.5 (9.2)	61.2 (8.3)
Post-bronchodilator FEV₁ (L)	2.02 (0.41)	2.00 (0.55)
Post-bronchodilator FEV₁/IVC (%)	47.3 (8.8)	46.7 (9.0)
Serum YKL-40 (ng/ml)	66 (49–119)	78 (60–118)
Sputum YKL-40 (ng/ml)	52 (20–79)	18 (12–40)

The ICS group is a combination of the original 30-month fluticasone and 30-month fluticasone with salmeterol groups
Data represent mean with SD, median with interquartile range or numbers
GLUCOLD Groningen and Leiden Universities Corticosteroids in Obstructive Lung Disease, ICS inhaled corticosteroids, FEV ₁ forced expiratory volume in 1 s, IVC inspiratory vital capacity, Pred predicted

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