Characteristics, disease burden and costs of COPD patients in the two years following initiation of long-acting bronchodilators in UK primary care

Table 3 Patient demographics and disease burden over 24 months follow-up by adherence to initial LABD therapy

	LAMA		LABA		LABA+ICS
	MPR > = 80 %	MPR < 80 %	MPR > = 80 %	MPR < 80 %	MPR > = 80 %	MPR < 80 %
	(N = 2460)	(N = 3341)	(N = 355)	(N = 678)	(N = 2630)	(N = 5102)
Gender, male (%)	58	56	50	53	52	53
Age at index date, Mean (SD)	70.1 (10.0)	68.5 (10.5)	70.0 (10.2)	67.4 (10.6)	69.6 (10.7)	67.6 (11.6)
Comorbidities, Mean CCI (SD)^a	0.3 (0.7)	0.3 (0.7)	0.3 (0.7)	0.2 (0.6)	0.2 (0.6)	0.2 (0.7)
Baseline BMI kg/m², Mean (SD)	27.0 (6.2)	27.5 (6.2)	27.4 (6.0)	27.9 (6.0)	27.2 (6.4)	27.8 (6.4)
Dyspnea (%)^b
MRC < 3	59	60	55	62	56	60
MRC ≥ 3	41	40	45	38	44	40
Any exacerbations (Moderate to severe)^c
Rate per PY (95 % CI)	0.44 (0.41-0.47)	0.40 (0.38-0.42)	0.48 (0.41-0.57)	0.43 (0.39-0.48)	0.71 (0.68-0.74)	0.57 (0.55-0.59)
Mean Time to first event, months (SD)	6.7 (5.9)	7.8 (5.9)	6.7 (6.5)	7.7 (5.9)	6.5 (5.8)	7.6 (5.9)
Hospitalized (Severe) COPD exacerbations
Rate per PY (95 % CI)	0.22 (0.21-0.24)	0.13 (0.12-0.14)	0.19 (0.14-0.24)	0.10 (0.08-0.12)	0.23 (0.22-0.25)	0.15 (0.14-0.16)
Mean Time to first event, months (SD)	8.2 (6.6)	9.9 (6.8)	6.7 (6.4)	9.2 (6.2)	8.5 (6.8)	9.4 (6.6)
Non-COPD hospitalizations
Rate per PY (95 % CI)	0.34 (0.32-0.36)	0.39 (0.37-0.41)	0.31 (0.25-0.38)	0.37 (0.33-0.42)	0.38 (0.36-0.41)	0.47 (0.45-0.48)

CI, confidence interval; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta2-agonist; LABD, long-acting bronchodilator; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; MRC, Medical Research Council dyspnea scale 1-5; FEV1, Forced expiratory volume; PY, person years; SD, standard deviation
^aCharlson Comorbidity Index score calculated based on co-morbidities recorded any time in the patient history up until the index date
^bPercentages represent distribution in patients with a known value. Dyspnea data unknown for N = 1159 (47 %) LAMA users with MPR > = 80 % and N = 1093 (33 %) with MPR <80 %; N = 198 (56 %) of LABA users with MPR > = 80 % and N = 281 (41 %) with MPR <80 %; N = 1160 (44 %) LABA+ICS users with MPR > = 80 % and N = 1646 (32 %) with MPR <80 %
^cHealth care resource use and exacerbation data during the time period of index medication to the final prescription used in the MPR calculation (over 24 months of follow- up)

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