Systematic review regarding metabolic profiling for improved pathophysiological understanding of disease and outcome prediction in respiratory infections

Table 8 Summary of selected literature relevant to acylcarnitines in all-cause mortality prediction

First author, year, reference	Marker	Study type	Study population	Key findings	Limitations
Kalim et al., 2013, [138]	Oleoylcarnitine	2 independent, observational case-control studies (ArMORR Study)	I: 100 non-survivors of 1-year HD and 100 survivors of at least 1-year HD matched for age, sex, and race	I: Oleoylcarnitine showed the strongest association with cardiovascular mortality after multivariable adjustment (OR ratio per SD 2.3, 95 % CI 1.4–3.8, p = 0.001)	- Measurement of basline metabolites after starting hemodialysis
					- Accuracy of ICD-9 codes for cardiac diagnoses not completely sensitive or specific
				II: Oleoylcarnitine was associated with cardiovascular death (OR per SD 1.4, 95 % CI 1.1–1.9, p = 0.008)
			II: 100 non-survivors of 1-year HD and 200 survivors of at least 1 year HD

ArMORR The Accelerated Mortality on Renal Replacement Study, United States, CI confidence interval, HD hemodialysis, ICD-9 International Classification of Diseases, OR odds ratio, p p-value are statistically significant at p < 0.05; SD, standard deviation

ISSN: 1465-993X